Rig Veda 5.38.2 — Mandala 5, Sukta 38, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.38
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gayatri (probable; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदीमिन्द्र श्रवाय्यमिषं शविष्ठ दधिषे । पप्रथे दीर्घश्रुत्तमं हिरण्यवर्ण दुष्टरम् ॥
Transliteration
yád īm indra śravā́yyam íṣaṃ śaviṣṭha dadhíṣe | papráthe dīrgha-śrút-tamaṃ híraṇya-varṇa dúṣṭaram ||
Translation
When, O Indra, most mighty, you set in place the force that is worthy to be heard, you spread out into the farthest and longest hearing—golden in hue, hard to cross for the hostile powers.
Word by Word
यद्when/if
यद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (यद्-प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
ईम्then/indeed (emphatic particle)
ईम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम् (निपात)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
श्रवाय्यम्fame-worthy, to be celebrated
श्रवाय्यम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-विशेषणभावेन)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रवाय्य (श्रवस् + अय्य; ‘श्रवणीय/कीर्तनीय’)
इषम्refreshment; nourishment; strength
इषम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootइष्/इषा (प्रातिपदिक) ‘बल/पोषण/आहार-रस’
शविष्ठO most mighty
शविष्ठ:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective
Rootशविष्ठ (शवस्-तम/इष्ठ; अतिशयार्थक)
दधिषेyou place/you bestow
दधिषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु) ‘धारणे/स्थापने’
पप्रथेyou have spread out; you have expanded
पप्रथे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-थॄ/थृ (धातु) ‘विस्तारे’
दीर्घश्रुत्तमम्most long-renowned; of widest fame
दीर्घश्रुत्तमम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-विशेषणभावेन)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ-श्रुत्तम (समास; दीर्घ + श्रुत + तम)
हिरण्यवर्णO golden-hued
हिरण्यवर्ण:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्य-वर्ण (समास)
दुष्टरम्hard to overcome; irresistible
दुष्टरम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-विशेषणभावेन)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्टर (दुर् + √तॄ/तॄ ‘तरणे’ → ‘अतितरितुं कठिन’)
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