Mantra 3

Sukta 5.35

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (attribution for RV 5.35 commonly placed in the Atri corpus; verify against specific Anukramaṇī for exact rishi)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; verify per pada-count and Anukramaṇī)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ तेऽवो वरेण्यं वृषन्तमस्य हूमहे । वृषजूतिर्हि जज्ञिष आभूभिरिन्द्र तुर्वणिः ॥

Samhita Patha (IAST)

आ तेऽवो॒ वरे॑ण्यं॒ वृष॑न्तमस्य हूमहे । वृष॑जूति॒र्हि ज॑ज्ञि॒ष आ॒भूभि॑रिन्द्र तु॒र्वणि॑: ॥

Transliteration

ā́ te ’vo varéṇyaṁ vṛ́ṣantam asya hūmahe | vṛ́ṣajūtir hí jajñiṣá ābhū́bhir indra turváṇiḥ ||

Translation

We call for thy help, O Indra—help that is to be chosen, the most forceful outpouring of thy power. For thou art indeed the impeller of the overflowing energies; with thy mighty becomings, O Indra, thou art the swift overcomer.

Padapatha (Word Analysis)

आ । ते॒ । अवः॑ । वरे॑ण्यम् । वृष॑न्ऽतमस्य । हू॒म॒हे॒ । वृष॑ऽजूतिः । हि । ज॒ज्ञि॒षे । आ॒ऽभूभिः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । तु॒र्वणिः॑ ॥आ । ते । अवः । वरेण्यम् । वृषन्तमस्य । हूमहे । वृषजूतिः । हि । जज्ञिषे । आभूभिः । इन्द्र । तुर्वणिः ॥ā | te | avaḥ | vareṇyam | vṛṣan-tamasya | hūmahe | vṛṣa-jūtiḥ | hi | jajñiṣe | ābhūbhiḥ | indra | turvaṇiḥ

Word by Word

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga) अथवा अव्यय

• ते: to/for you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)

• अवः: help, aid
• अवः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (नपुंसक/पुं. प्रातिपदिक) अवस् ‘help, aid’

• वरेण्यम्: choice-worthy, excellent
• वरेण्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरेण्य (√वृ ‘to choose’ → ‘worthy to be chosen’)

• वृषन्तम्: the mighty/bull-like (one)
• वृषन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bull-like, mighty’

• अस्य: of this (one), of him
• अस्य: Adhikaraṇa (genitival relation) / Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हूमहे: we invoke/call
• हूमहे: Kartā (we) + main predicate
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हू (जुहोत्यादि) ‘to call, invoke’

• वृषजूतिḥ: the one of mighty impulse/succour
• वृषजूतिḥ: Kartā (of following verb ‘जज्ञिष’)
• Type: Noun (compound epithet)
• Root: वृष-जूति (समास: वृष ‘mighty’ + जूति ‘impulse/speed/aid’)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• जज्ञिषे: you have been born/come forth
• जज्ञिषे: Predicate (addressed to Indra) / Kartā implicit ‘त्वम्’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जज्ञे-type perfect) ‘to be born, arise’

• आभूभिः: with (your) aids/powers
• आभूभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: आभू (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic instr. pl. of a stem meaning ‘helps/powers/means’; often taken as ‘with aids/with powers’)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तुर्वणिः: the overpowering/impetuous one
• तुर्वणिः: Kartā (appositional subject) / Sambandha
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: तुर्वणि (प्रातिपदिक; epithet: ‘overpowering, rushing, victorious’)