Mantra 22
Sukta 4.32
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra (with focus on his steeds/harīs, here babhrū)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र ते बभ्रू विचक्षण शंसामि गोषणो नपात् । माभ्यां गा अनु शिश्रथः ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
प्र ते॑ ब॒भ्रू वि॑चक्षण॒ शंसा॑मि गोषणो नपात् । माभ्यां॒ गा अनु॑ शिश्रथः ॥
Transliteration
prá te babhrū́ vicakṣaṇa śáṃsāmi goṣaṇo napāt | mā́bhyāṃ gā́ ánu śiśrathaḥ ||
Translation
I proclaim your two tawny ones, O clear-seeing heir of the herd’s delight; do not let the rays follow those two away—let them be held for us here.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
प्र । ते॒ । ब॒भ्रू इति॑ । वि॒ऽच॒क्ष॒ण॒ । शंसा॑मि । गो॒ऽस॒णः॒ । न॒पा॒त् । मा । आ॒भ्या॒म् । गाः । अनु॑ । शि॒श्र॒थः॒ ॥प्र । ते । बभ्रू इति । विचक्षण । शंसामि । गोसणः । नपात् । मा । आभ्याम् । गाः । अनु । शिश्रथः ॥pra | te | babhrū iti | vi-cakṣaṇa | śaṃsāmi | go--saṇaḥ | napāt | mā | ābhyām | gāḥ | anu | śiśrathaḥ
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
तेto you
ते:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (pronoun)
बभ्रूO Babhru (the tawny one; epithet/name)
बभ्रू:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative, proper/epithet)
Rootबभ्रु (prātipadika)
विचक्षणO clear-sighted, discerning one
विचक्षण:
Sambodhana
TypeAdjective (vocative)
Rootवि-चक्षण (prātipadika < √चक्ष्/√चक्ष् ‘to see, perceive’)
शंसामिI praise, I proclaim
शंसामि:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√शंस्
गोषणोO winner of cows (wealth)
गोषणो:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun/Adjective (vocative epithet)
Rootगो-षणि/गो-षण (prātipadika; ‘winning cows/wealth’)
नपात्O offspring/descendant (Napat)
नपात्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootनपात् (prātipadika)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (particle)
अभ्याम्towards, against
अभ्याम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (upasarga)
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो (prātipadika)
अनुalong, after
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (upasarga/avyaya)
शिश्रथः(you) should not loosen/let loose
शिश्रथः:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√श्रथ् (to loosen, untie) with reduplication (intensive/perfect-like stem śi-śrath-)