Rig Veda 4.21.11: Mandala 4, Sukta 21, Mantra 11

Sukta 4.21

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नू ष्टुत इन्द्र नू गृणान इषं जरित्रे नद्यो न पीपेः । अकारि ते हरिवो ब्रह्म नव्यं धिया स्याम रथ्यः सदासाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.21.11

Transliteration

nū́ ṣṭutá índra nū́ gṛṇānā́ íṣaṃ jaritré nádyò ná pīpeḥ | ákāri te hari-vo bráhma návyaṃ dhiyā́ syāma rathyáḥ sadā́sāḥ ||

Translation

Now praised, O Indra, now sung, you swell the stream of impulse for the singer as rivers swell. For you, O lord of the bays, a new word of power has been fashioned; by inspired thought may we be fit for the chariot-path, constant companions.

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Word by Word

• नू: now, indeed
• नू: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नू

• ष्टुतः: praised
• ष्टुतः: Kartā (as predicate of Indra)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्तु (स्तवने)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• नू: now
• नू: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नू

• गृणानः: praising (being sung)
• गृणानः: Kartā (as predicate of Indra)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गॄ/गृ (स्तुतौ/गायने)

• इषम्: refreshment, strength
• इषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्/इषा (प्रातिपदिक: इष् ‘refreshment, strength’)

• जरित्रे: to the singer/praiser
• जरित्रे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• नद्यः: rivers
• नद्यः: Kartā (of comparison) / उपमान
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• पीपेः: you have filled/satisfied
• पीपेः: Kartā (addressed ‘you’ = Indra)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (पाने) / √पि (पूरणे) — Vedic reduplicated perfect

• अकारि: was made, has been fashioned
• अकारि: Karma (impersonal passive: ‘it’ = brahma) / कर्मणि
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (करणे)

• ते: for you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हरिवः: O Hariva (you of the tawny steeds)
• हरिवः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरिवत्/हरिवस् (इन्द्र-विशेषण प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्म: hymn, sacred formulation
• ब्रह्म: Kartā (in passive construction) / कर्मणि-कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नव्यम्: new, fresh
• नव्यम्: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• धिया: with thought/insight
• धिया: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्याम: may we be
• स्याम: Kartā (we)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू)

• रथ्यः: chariot-worthy, able in chariot-fight
• रथ्यः: Kartā (predicate adjective of ‘we’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रथ्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सदासाः: steadfast attendants/companions
• सदासाः: Kartā (predicate noun/adj of ‘we’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सदास् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sitting/attending’, ‘steadfast’)