Rig Veda 3.22.3 — Mandala 3, Sukta 22, Mantra 3

Sukta 3.22

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Agni (with waters as supporting powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अग्ने दिवो अर्णमच्छा जिगास्यच्छा देवाँ ऊचिषे धिष्ण्या ये । या रोचने परस्तात्सूर्यस्य याश्चावस्तादुपतिष्ठन्त आपः ॥

Transliteration

agné divó arṇám ácchā jigāsy ácchā devā́m̐ ūciṣe dhíṣṇyā yé | yā́ rocáne parástāt sū́ryasya yā́ś cāvástād upatíṣṭhanta ā́paḥ ||

Translation

O Agni, you seek the flood of heaven; you call the gods who are the true seats of power. The waters that stand in the luminous realm beyond the Sun, and those that stand below—may they support the ascent and the descent of illumination in us.

Word by Word

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि-

• दिवः: of heaven / of the sky
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्-/द्यौ-

• अर्णम्: the flood, the wave, the stream
• अर्णम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ण-

• अच्छा: towards, unto
• अच्छा: दिशा/गति-निर्देश (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अच्छा

• जिगासि: you desire to go / you seek to reach
• जिगासि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (√गम्) with desiderative stem जिगास-

• अच्छा: towards
• अच्छा: दिशा/गति-निर्देश (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अच्छा

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-

• ऊचिषे: you speak / you have uttered
• ऊचिषे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (√वच्) with perfect/old stative formation ऊचि-

• धिष्ण्याः: the steadfast/holy ones (epithet of gods)
• धिष्ण्याः: कर्तृ (of the relative clause)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: धिष्ण्य-

• ये: who
• ये: कर्तृ (relative)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (relative pronoun)

• याः: which (fem. pl.)
• याः: कर्तृ (relative)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (relative pronoun)

• रोचने: in the shining realm / in the luminous space
• रोचने: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोचन-

• परस्तात्: beyond, on the farther side
• परस्तात्: अधिकरण (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परस्तात्

• सूर्यस्य: of the Sun
• सूर्यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य-

• याः: and which (fem. pl.)
• याः: कर्तृ (relative)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अवस्तात्: below, beneath
• अवस्तात्: अधिकरण (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अवस्तात्

• उपतिष्ठन्ते: they stand near / attend / wait upon
• उपतिष्ठन्ते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (√स्था) with preverb उप-; present stem तिष्ठ-

• आपः: the waters
• आपः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्- (pluralia tantum)