Rig Veda 3.13.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 13, Mantra 2

Sukta 3.13

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Jagatī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋतावा यस्य रोदसी दक्षं सचन्त ऊतयः । हविष्मन्तस्तमीळते तं सनिष्यन्तोऽवसे ॥

Transliteration

ṛtā́vā yásya ródasī dákṣaṃ sácanta ūtáyaḥ | havíṣmantas tám īḷate táṃ saniṣyánto ávase ||

Translation

He is the keeper of Ṛta: for him Heaven and Earth join their skill and their help. Those who bear the offering adore him, seeking to win him for protection and the right guidance.

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Word by Word

• ऋतावा: the ṛta-possessing one; truthful/rite-knowing (Agni)
• ऋतावा: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: ऋतावन् (प्रातिपदिक; ऋत + वन्)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (Heaven and Earth)
• रोदसी: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (dual collective)
• Root: रोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; द्यावा-पृथिवी)

• दक्षम्: skill; power; ability
• दक्षम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)

• सचन्ते: accompany; attend; follow
• सचन्ते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: सच् (धातु; ‘to accompany, follow, attach oneself’)

• ऊतयः: helps; aids; protections
• ऊतयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊति (प्रातिपदिक)

• हविष्मन्तः: those possessing oblation; oblation-bearing (worshippers)
• हविष्मन्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: हविष्मन्त् (प्रातिपदिक; हविस् + मन्त्)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ईळते: praise; invoke
• ईळते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईळ्/ईड् (धातु; ‘to praise, invoke’)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सनिष्यन्तः: seeking to win; intending to obtain
• सनिष्यन्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Participle (future active)
• Root: सन् (धातु; ‘to gain, win’) + स्य (भविष्यत्) → सनिष्यत् (भविष्यत् कृदन्त)

• अवसे: for help; for protection
• अवसे: सम्प्रदान (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक)