Rig Veda 2.33.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 33, Mantra 3

Sukta 2.33

Rishi: Gṛtsamada

Devata: Rudra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

श्रेष्ठो जातस्य रुद्र श्रियासि तवस्तमस्तवसां वज्रबाहो । पर्षि णः पारमंहसः स्वस्ति विश्वा अभीती रपसो युयोधि ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.33.3

Transliteration

śréṣṭho jā́tasya rudra śriyā́si távas-tamas távasāṃ vajrabāho | párṣiṇaḥ pā́ram áṃhasaḥ svastí víśvā abhī́tī rápaso yuyodhi ||

Translation

O Rudra, thou art the most excellent of all that is born, in thy splendor; the mightiest among the mighty, O wielder of the thunder-force. Carry us beyond the far shore of constriction; bring us well-being; repel all assaults of the violent powers.

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Word by Word

• श्रेष्ठः: best, most excellent
• श्रेष्ठः: विशेषण (सम्बोधन-सम्बन्धः रुद्रस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; √श्रि/श्रय् ‘to excel, be eminent’ > श्रेष्ठ ‘best’)

• जातस्य: of what is born; of creatures
• जातस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the born/creatures’)
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: जात (PPP of √जन् ‘to be born’)

• रुद्र: O Rudra
• रुद्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रिया: with splendor, with glory
• श्रिया: करण (instrumental: ‘by/with splendor’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: अस्ति-क्रिया (copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् ‘to be’

• तव: your
• तव: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘your’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तवस्तमः: most mighty
• तवस्तमः: विशेषण (रुद्रस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तवस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘strength, might’) + तमप् (superlative)

• तवसाम्: of the strong; of strengths
• तवसाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the mighty/strengths’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (strengths/strong ones)
• Root: तवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वज्रबाहो: O thunderbolt-armed
• वज्रबाहो: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative, compound)
• Root: वज्र-बाहु (समास; वज्र ‘thunderbolt’ + बाहु ‘arm’)

• पर्षि: carry across; save
• पर्षि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पॄ/पॢ (Vedic: ‘to carry across, bring over, save’)

• नः: us
• नः: कर्म (object of पर्षि)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (enclitic pronoun)

• पारम्: to the far shore; beyond
• पारम्: कर्म/गति-लक्ष्य (goal: ‘to the farther side’)
• Type: Noun (used adverbially)
• Root: पार (प्रातिपदिक ‘far shore, beyond’)

• अंहसः: of distress/sin
• अंहसः: सम्बन्ध (genitive with पारम्: ‘beyond distress/sin’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंहस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘distress, sin, trouble’)

• स्वस्ति: well-being; safety
• स्वस्ति: प्रयोजन/आशीः (benedictional goal)
• Type: Indeclinable (also used as noun)
• Root: स्वस्ति (avyaya/noun ‘well-being, welfare’)

• विश्वाः: all
• विश्वाः: विशेषण (अभीतीः इत्यस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक ‘all’)

• अभीतीः: fears; terrors
• अभीतीः: कर्म (object of युयोधि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभीति (प्रातिपदिक; अभि-√इ ‘approach’ > ‘attack/fear’; in RV often ‘fears, terrors’)

• रपसः: of harm; of violence
• रपसः: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of harm/violence’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रपस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘harm, violence, injury’)

• युयोधि: repel; ward off
• युयोधि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √युध् ‘to fight, repel’