Rig Veda 10.113.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 113, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.113

Devata: Indra (with Vishnu as co-operating power)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तमस्य विष्णुर्महिमानमोजसांशुं दधन्वान्मधुनो वि रप्शते । देवेभिरिन्द्रो मघवा सयावभिर्वृत्रं जघन्वाँ अभवद्वरेण्यः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.113.2

Transliteration

tám asya víṣṇur mahimā́nam ójasāṃśúṃ dadhanvā́n mádhuno ví rapśate | devébhir índro maghávā sayā́vabhir vṛtráṃ jaghánvāṃ abhavad váreṇyaḥ ||

Translation

Of him Vishnu, bearing the ray by strength, spreads out the greatness of the honeyed delight. With the gods as comrades Indra the bountiful, having slain Vritra, became the choice-worthy—fit to be chosen for the work.

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Word by Word

• तमस्य: of darkness / of the dark (one)
• तमस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तम (प्रातिपदिक)

• विष्णुः: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)

• महिमानम्: greatness, majesty
• महिमानम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ओजसाम्: of strengths / of powers
• ओजसाम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अंशुम्: ray; Soma-stalk (beam-like)
• अंशुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंशु (प्रातिपदिक)

• दधन्वान्: bearing, holding
• दधन्वान्: कर्तृ (विष्णुः के विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Verb (Participle)
• Root: धा (धातु) → दधत्/दधन्वान् (कृदन्त, परस्मैपदी)

• मधुनः: of honey/sweetness; of Soma
• मधुनः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• रप्शते: moves/works forth; flashes forth
• रप्शते: कर्तृ (विष्णुः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रप्श् (धातु; ‘to be active/flash, move swiftly’—Vedic)

• देवेभिः: with the gods
• देवेभिः: सह/करण (association/instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• मघवा: the bountiful one
• मघवा: कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सयावभिः: with his companions/helpers
• सयावभिः: सह/करण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सयाव (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic ‘helpers/companions’, often of Maruts/associates)

• वृत्रम्: Vṛtra (the obstructor)
• वृत्रम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• जघन्वान्: having slain
• जघन्वान्: कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb (Participle)
• Root: हन् (धातु) → जघन्वान् (कृदन्त; perfect-resultative/agentive participle, Vedic)

• अभवत्: became
• अभवत्: कर्तृ (इन्द्रः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• वरेण्यः: worthy to be chosen/desired
• वरेण्यः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (इन्द्रः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरेण्य (प्रातिपदिक; from √वृ ‘to choose’)