Rig Veda 1.4.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.4

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditionally for RV 1.1–1.11; RV 1.4 ascribed to him in Anukramaṇī)

Devata: Indra (as Soma-pā, the drinker of Soma; the victorious lord of luminous force)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables; typical for early Indra/Soma invocations)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उप नः सवना गहि सोमस्य सोमपाः पिब । गोदा इद्रेवतो मदः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.4.2

Transliteration

úpa naḥ savánā́ gahi sómasya soma-pāḥ piba | go-dā́ íd revató mádaḥ ||

Translation

Come near to our pressings; arrive. O Soma-drinker, drink of the Soma. For the ecstasy that gives the Rays (the illumined herds) is indeed the rapture of the opulent plenitude.

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Word by Word

• उप: near, hither; (as preverb) towards
• उप: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• नः: of us / our
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• सवनानि: pressings; Soma-pressing rites
• सवनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (प्रातिपदिक)

• गहि: come!
• गहि: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्

• सोमस्य: of Soma
• सोमस्य: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमपाः: Soma-drinker (epithet of Indra)
• सोमपाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agentive epithet)
• Root: सोमपा (सोम + पा ‘पानकर्ता’)

• पिब: drink!
• पिब: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (पिबति)

• गोदाः: giver of cows
• गोदाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Noun (epithet)
• Root: गोदा (गो + दा ‘दाता’)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: (सम्बन्ध/प्रयोगसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• रेवतः: of the wealthy; rich
• रेवतः: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रेवत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मदः: intoxication; exhilaration (Soma-rapture)
• मदः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)