Rig Veda 1.39.8: Mandala 1, Sukta 39, Mantra 8
Sukta 1.39
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Maruts
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
युष्मेषितो मरुतो मर्त्येषित आ यो नो अभ्व ईषते । वि तं युयोत शवसा व्योजसा वि युष्माकाभिरूतिभिः ॥
Transliteration
yuṣméṣito maruto mártyeṣita ā́ yó no ábhva ī́ṣate | ví táṃ yuyota śávasā vy ójasā ví yuṣmā́kābhir ūtíbhiḥ ||
Translation
Whether driven by you, O Maruts, or driven by a mortal, whoever presses upon us with vast hostile force—separate him from us by your might, by your strength, by your own rescuing helps.
Word by Word
युष्मेषितःimpelled by you (i.e., by you all)
युष्मेषितः:
विशेषणम् (कर्तृपदस्य) / सम्बोधनसंबन्धः
TypeAdjective (participial)
Rootयुष्मद् + इषित (√इष् ‘प्रेरणे’)
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
कर्तृ (वाक्यस्य मुख्यकर्ता) / सम्बोधनार्थेऽपि (हे मरुतः)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
मर्त्येषितःimpelled by mortals
मर्त्येषितः:
विशेषणम् (मरुतः) / करण-सम्बन्धः
TypeAdjective (participial)
Rootमर्त्य + इषित (√इष् ‘प्रेरणे’)
आtowards, hither
आ:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (आ-गमन/आ-प्राप्ति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (ईषते इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us, our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (अभ्वः इत्यस्य) / षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अभ्वःthe harmful one; calamity/foe
अभ्वः:
कर्तृ (ईषते इत्यस्य) अथवा विषयः (यः…अभ्वः)
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भयानक/हानिकर/विपत्ति’)
ईषतेstrives/presses on (against)
ईषते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ईष् (ईषते) ‘प्रयत्ने/आकाङ्क्षायाम्/आक्रमणे’ (आत्मनेपदी)
विapart, away
वि:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (वियोग/विभाग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
तम्him/that (foe/calamity)
तम्:
कर्म (युयोत इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
युयोतdrive away, ward off
युयोत:
क्रिया (आज्ञा); कर्तृ = मरुतः
TypeVerb
Root√यु (युनक्ति/युयोति) ‘वियोगे/निवारणे’
शवसाby (your) might
शवसा:
करण (युयोत—केन?)
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
व्योजसाby (your) surpassing strength
व्योजसा:
करण (युयोत—केन?)
TypeNoun
Rootवि + ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, away
वि:
क्रियाविशेषणम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
युष्माकाभिःwith your
युष्माकाभिः:
करण (ऊतिभिः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्) अथवा करणसम्बन्धः
TypePronoun (possessive use)
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
ऊतिभिःhelps, protections
ऊतिभिः:
करण (युयोत—केन?)
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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