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Mantra 13

Sukta 1.122

Devata: Mitra-Varuṇa (hymn context) with praise of Daśataya’s gifts

मन्दामहे दशतयस्य धासेर्द्विर्यत्पञ्च बिभ्रतो यन्त्यन्ना । किमिष्टाश्व इष्टरश्मिरेत ईशानासस्तरुष ऋञ्जते नॄन् ॥

मन्दा॑महे॒ दश॑तयस्य धा॒सेर्द्विर्यत्पञ्च॒ बिभ्र॑तो॒ यन्त्यन्ना॑ । किमि॒ष्टाश्व॑ इ॒ष्टर॑श्मिरे॒त ई॑शा॒नास॒स्तरु॑ष ऋञ्जते॒ नॄन् ॥

mándāmahe dáśa-tayasya dhāsér dvír yát páñca bíbhrato yánty ánnā | kím iṣṭā́śva iṣṭá-raśmir etá īśānā́sás tarúṣa ṛ́ñjate nṝ́n ||

We delight in Daśataya’s portion of giving: twice five streams of nourishment they bear and bring. What are these—desired horses, desired rays? These masters, irresistible, press forward and set men in motion.

मन्दा॑महे । दश॑ऽतयस्य । धा॒सेः । द्विः । यत् । पञ्च॑ । बिभ्र॑तः । यन्ति॑ । अन्ना॑ । किम् । इ॒ष्टऽअ॑श्वः । इ॒ष्टऽर॑श्मिः । ए॒ते । ई॒शा॒नासः॑ । तरु॑षः । ऋ॒ञ्ज॒ते॒ । नॄन् ॥मन्दामहे । दशतयस्य । धासेः । द्विः । यत् । पञ्च । बिभ्रतः । यन्ति । अन्ना । किम् । इष्टअश्वः । इष्टरश्मिः । एते । ईशानासः । तरुषः । ऋञ्जते । नॄन् ॥mandāmahe | daśa-tayasya | dhāseḥ | dviḥ | yat | pañca | bibhrataḥ | yanti | annā | kim | iṣṭa-aśvaḥ | iṣṭa-raśmiḥ | ete | īśānāsaḥ | taruṣaḥ | ṛñjate | nṝn

मन्दामहेwe rejoice / we are glad
मन्दामहे:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootमन्द् (√मन्द् ‘to rejoice/be glad’)
दशतयस्यof the tenfold (one)
दशतयस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootदशतय (prātipadika; ‘tenfold/consisting of ten’)
धासेःof the portion / of the nourishment (share)
धासेः:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootधासि (prātipadika; ‘portion, share, nourishment, offering’)
द्विःtwice
द्विः:
(Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्विस् (indeclinable numeral adverb)
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma (object of ‘bear/hold’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
(Quantifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्चन् (numeral)
बिभ्रतःof (him) bearing / carrying
बिभ्रतः:
Kartṛ-sambandha (agent in genitive relation)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootभृ (√भृ ‘to bear, carry’)
यन्तिthey go / they come
यन्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootया (√या ‘to go’)
अन्नाःfoods / provisions
अन्नाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (prātipadika; ‘food’)
किम्what?
किम्:
(Interrogative; context-dependent)
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (interrogative pronoun)
इष्टाश्वः(he who is) having desired horses
इष्टाश्वः:
Kartā (with following verb) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective (bahuvrīhi)
Rootइष्टाश्व (prātipadika; ‘having desired/cherished horses’)
इष्टरश्मिःhaving desired reins / rays
इष्टरश्मिः:
Kartā (with following verb) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective (bahuvrīhi)
Rootइष्टरश्मि (prātipadika; ‘having desired reins/rays’)
एतthis (one)
एत:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (demonstrative pronoun)
ईशानासःthe lords / rulers
ईशानासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootईशान (prātipadika; ‘ruling, possessing, lordly’; from √ईश ‘to rule’)
तरुषःvictorious / overpowering
तरुषः:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतरुष (prātipadika; ‘overcoming, victorious, impetuous’)
ऋञ्जतेthey urge on / they drive
ऋञ्जते:
Kriyā (main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootऋञ्ज् (√ऋञ्ज् ‘to set in motion, to drive/urge on; to arrange’)
नॄन्men / heroes
नॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (prātipadika; ‘man, hero’)