Shloka 53

राजधर्मः—प्रमादवर्जनं, दण्डनीतिः, दुर्बलरक्षणम्

Royal Dharma: Vigilance, Just Punishment, Protection of the Vulnerable

Devanagari script

त्यजन्ति दारान्‌ पुत्रांश्न मनुष्या: परिपूजिता: । संग्रहश्चवैव भूतानां दानं च मधुरा च वाक्‌ू

Transliteration

tyajanti dārān putrāṁś ca manuṣyāḥ paripūjitāḥ | saṁgrahaś caiva bhūtānāṁ dānaṁ ca madhurā ca vāk ||

Translation

Utathya said: “Even honored and well-regarded people abandon wives and sons. Therefore, one should cultivate what truly sustains life: caring support for living beings, generosity, and speech that is sweet and conciliatory.”

Word by Word

• त्यजन्ति: they abandon/leave
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज्
• Form: Lat (Present Indicative), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• दारान्: wives
• दारान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पुत्रान्: sons
• पुत्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• मनुष्याः: people/humans
• मनुष्याः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• परिपूजिताः: honoured/revered
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-पूजित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)

• संग्रहः: support/holding together; care
• संग्रहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्रह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• भूतानाम्: of beings/creatures
• भूतानाम्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• दानम्: giving; charity
• दानम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मधुरा: sweet/pleasant
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मधुर
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• वाक्: speech/words
• वाक्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

उतथ्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Utathya
• wives (dārāḥ)
• sons/children (putrāḥ)
• living beings (bhūtāni)