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Shloka 60

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

तमः श्वभ्रनिभं दृष्टवा वर्षबुद्‌बुदसंनिभम्‌ । नाशप्रायं सुखाद्धीनं नाशोत्तरमिहावशम्‌,राजन्‌! भरतनन्दन! महाबुद्धिमान्‌ सांख्यके विद्वान्‌ सैकड़ों गुणोंके द्वारा गुणोंको, सैकड़ों दोषोंके द्वारा दोषोंको तथा सैकड़ों विचित्र हेतुओंसे विचित्र हेतुओंको तत्त्वतः जानकर व्यापक ज्ञानके प्रभावसे संसारको पानीके फेनके समान नश्वर, विष्णुकी सैकड़ों मायाओंसे ढँका हुआ, दीवारपर बने हुए चित्रके समान, नरकुलके समान सारहीन, अन्धकारसे भरे हुए गड़्ढेकी भाँति भयंकर, वर्षाकालके पानीके बुलबुलोंके समान क्षणभंगुर, सुखहीन, पराधीन, नष्टप्राय तथा कीचड़में फँसे हुए हाथीकी तरह रजोगुण और तमोगुणमें मग्न समझते हैं। इसलिये वे संतान आदिकी आसक्तिको दूर करके तपरूप दण्डसे युक्त विवेकरूपी शस्त्रसे राजस-तामस अशुभ गन्धोंको और सुन्दर शोभनीय सात््विक गन्धोंको तथा स्पर्शेन्द्रियके देहाश्रित भोगोंकी आसक्तिको शीघ्र ही काट डालते हैं

tamaḥ śvabhranibhaṁ dṛṣṭvā varṣabudbudasaṁnibham | nāśaprāyaṁ sukhāddhīnaṁ nāśottaram ihāvaśam, rājan bharatanandana |

Bhishma said: “O king, delight of the Bharatas—having beheld this world as darkness like a deep chasm, as fleeting as rain-bubbles, almost perishing, devoid of true happiness, and helplessly driven toward destruction, the wise Sāṅkhya-knowers discern reality as it is. By the power of comprehensive knowledge they recognize saṁsāra as perishable like foam on water, veiled by countless māyās of Viṣṇu, insubstantial like a painted image on a wall, terrifying like a pit filled with gloom, momentary like monsoon bubbles, joyless, dependent, and sinking into rajas and tamas like an elephant stuck in mire. Therefore, cutting off attachment to progeny and other bonds, they swiftly sever—by the rod of austerity and the sword of discernment—both the unwholesome rajasic-tamasic impulses and even the subtle attractions of pleasant sāttvic enjoyments rooted in bodily sense-contact.”

तमःdarkness
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्वभ्र-निभम्like a pit/abyss
श्वभ्र-निभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्वभ्र + निभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
वर्ष-उद्-बुद्-बुद-संनिभम्like rain-water bubbles
वर्ष-उद्-बुद्-बुद-संनिभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ष + उदक + बुद्बुद + संनिभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नाश-प्रायम्almost perishing / near destruction
नाश-प्रायम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनाश + प्राय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुखात्from happiness
सुखात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
हीनम्devoid (of)
हीनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नाश-उत्तरम्having destruction as its sequel / ending in ruin
नाश-उत्तरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनाश + उत्तर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
अवशम्helpless / dependent
अवशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअवश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भरत-नन्दनO delight of Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भरत-नन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the King (Yudhishthira, implied by context)
B
Bharata lineage (Bharatanandana)
V
Viṣṇu
S
Sāṅkhya-knowers (Sāṅkhyas / sāṅkhyake vidvān)