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Shloka 313

अध्याय २०८ — इन्द्रियनिग्रहः, सत्याहिंसात्मकवाक्, कर्मफलविवेकः

Restraint of the Senses, Non-harming Truthful Speech, and Discernment of Karmic Consequence

एते चैव महात्मान: पश्चिमामाश्रिता दिशम्‌ | उषंगु, कवष, धौम्य, शक्तिशाली परिव्याध, एकत, द्वित, त्रित तथा अत्रिके प्रभावशाली पुत्र भगवान्‌ सारस्वत--ये महात्मा महर्षि पश्चिम दिशामें निवास करते हैं

ete caiva mahātmānaḥ paścimām āśritā diśam | uṣaṅguḥ kavaṣaḥ dhaumyaḥ śaktiśālī parivyādhaḥ ekataḥ dvitaḥ tritaḥ tathā atrike prabhāvaśālī putro bhagavān sārasvataḥ—ye mahātmā maharṣayaḥ paścima-diśi nivāsanti |

Bhishma said: “These great souls, great seers of mighty spiritual power, dwell in the western quarter: Ushaṅgu, Kavaṣa, Dhaumya, the powerful Parivyādha, and Ekata, Dvita, and Trita; and also the illustrious son of Atri, the venerable Sārasvata. Such are the exalted sages who reside in the West.”

एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
महात्मानःgreat-souled ones
महात्मानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पश्चिमाम्western
पश्चिमाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपश्चिम
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रिताःhaving resorted to / dwelling in
आश्रिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
दिशम्direction/quarter
दिशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उषङ्गुःUṣaṅgu (a sage)
उषङ्गुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउषङ्गु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कवषःKavaṣa (a sage)
कवषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकवष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धौम्यःDhaumya (a sage)
धौम्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधौम्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शक्तिशालीpowerful
शक्तिशाली:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्तिशालिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिव्याधःParivyādha (a sage/hunter-sage)
परिव्याधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिव्याध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एकतःEkata (a sage)
एकतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएकत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्वितःDvita (a sage)
द्वितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रितःTrita (a sage)
त्रितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाand also/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अत्रिकेin/at Atri (i.e., in Atri’s [line/region])
अत्रिके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअत्रि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रभावशालीmighty/influential
प्रभावशाली:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभावशालिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्venerable/lordly
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सारस्वतःSārasvata (a sage)
सारस्वतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसारस्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
येwho/which
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महात्माgreat-souled (sages)
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महर्षयःgreat seers
महर्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पश्चिमin the western (direction)
पश्चिम:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपश्चिम
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
दिशाम्in the direction
दिशाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
निवासdwelling/residence
निवास:
TypeNoun
Rootनि-वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करतेdo/perform (i.e., reside)
करते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
U
Ushaṅgu
K
Kavaṣa
D
Dhaumya
P
Parivyādha
E
Ekata
D
Dvita
T
Trita
A
Atri
S
Sārasvata
W
Western direction (Paścima diś)

Educational Q&A

The passage emphasizes reverence for realized sages and the idea that dharma is preserved through recognized lineages and holy persons situated across the sacred landscape; knowing and honoring such authorities supports ethical and spiritual orientation.

Bhishma is enumerating eminent sages associated with the western quarter, identifying them by name and stature (powerful, illustrious), as part of a broader discourse in the Shanti Parva that maps sources of wisdom and dharmic authority.