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Shloka 41

मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169

स ब्रह्मचारी तद्देश्य: सखा तस्यैव सुप्रिय: । त॑ दस्युग्राममगमद्‌ यत्रासौ गौतमो5वसत्‌,वह ब्रह्मचारी ब्राह्मण गौतमके ही गाँवका निवासी तथा उसका परमप्रिय मित्र था और घूमता हुआ डाकुओंके उसी गाँवमें जा पहुँचा था, जहाँ गौतम निवास करता था

sa brahmacārī taddeśyaḥ sakhā tasyaiva supriyaḥ | taṃ dasyugrāmam agamad yatrāsau gautamo ’vasat |

Bhīṣma said: “That brahmacārin was a native of the same region and the dearest friend of Gautama. While wandering, he came to the very village of the bandits where Gautama was residing.”

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मचारीa brahmacārin (celibate student)
ब्रह्मचारी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (place/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
देश्यःbelonging to that country/place; local
देश्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदेश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सखाfriend
सखा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसखि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सुप्रियःvery dear
सुप्रियः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (place)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दस्युग्रामम्the robbers' village
दस्युग्रामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदस्युग्राम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अगमत्went; reached
अगमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormAorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
असौthat (well-known) one
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (प्रदर्शक सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गौतमःGautama
गौतमः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अवसत्dwelt; lived
अवसत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormImperfect (past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brahmacārī (unnamed student)
G
Gautama
D
dasyugrāma (village of bandits)

Educational Q&A

The verse sets up an ethical test: even a disciplined brahmacārin, though virtuous and closely connected to a sage, may encounter perilous environments. It highlights how dharma is examined not in comfort but amid risk, association, and circumstance.

Bhīṣma describes a brahmacārin who is Gautama’s beloved friend and a local of the same region. While traveling, he arrives at a bandits’ village—the very place where Gautama is staying—preparing the ground for the ensuing episode.