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Shloka 32

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

भक्ष्यार्थ संलिहानं तं भूमावूर्ध्वमुखं स्थितम्‌ । शाखागतमरिं चान्यमपश्यत्‌ कोटरालयम्‌

bhakṣyārthaṃ saṃlihānaṃ taṃ bhūmāv ūrdhvamukhaṃ sthitam | śākhāgatam ariṃ cānyam apaśyat koṭarālayam ||

Bhīṣma said: “Seeking food, he saw that one creature was lying on the ground with its face turned upward, while another enemy, perched upon a branch, was dwelling in a hollow of the tree.”

भक्ष्यfood, something to be eaten
भक्ष्य:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्थम्for the sake/purpose
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संलिहानम्licking
संलिहानम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootसं-लिह्
Formशानच् (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
ऊर्ध्वमुखम्with face upward
ऊर्ध्वमुखम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्ध्वमुख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्थितम्standing/lying, situated
स्थितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
शाखागतम्gone to/located on a branch
शाखागतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशाखागत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अरिम्enemy
अरिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरी
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यम्another
अन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कोटरालयम्one whose abode is a hollow (tree-cavity-dweller)
कोटरालयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोटरालय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
a creature lying on the ground (unnamed)
A
another enemy/adversary (unnamed)
T
tree branch (śākhā)
T
tree hollow/cavity (koṭara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights careful observation in situations of need: the pursuit of sustenance or advantage must be tempered by awareness of hidden threats and rival forces, a practical ethical lesson in prudence and self-preservation within dharma.

A seeker of food/prey notices two opposing creatures positioned differently—one on the ground facing upward and another on a branch residing in a tree hollow—setting up a scene of tension and strategy between adversaries.