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Shloka 5

Adhyāya 21 — Duryodhanasya bāṇavarṣaḥ

Duryodhana’s Arrow-Storm and the Dust-Obscured Engagements

तत्राश्चर्यम भूद्‌ युद्धे सात्वतस्य परैः सह । यदेको वारयामास पाण्डुसेनां दुरासदाम्‌

tatrāścaryaṁ bhūd yuddhe sātvatasyaparaiḥ saha | yad eko vārayāmāsa pāṇḍusenāṁ durāsadām ||

Sañjaya said: In that battle, a marvel occurred in the fight between the Sātvata hero and his foes—how, standing alone, he held back the formidable army of the Pāṇḍavas.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
आश्चर्यम्a wonder, marvel
आश्चर्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्चर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्was, occurred
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सात्वतस्यof the Sātvata (Krishna)
सात्वतस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसात्वत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
परैःwith/against the foes
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
यत्that (namely), since/when
यत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्
एकःalone, single
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वारयामासheld back, restrained
वारयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वारयति)
FormPerfect (periphrastic), 3rd, Singular
पाण्डुसेनाम्the Pāṇḍava army
पाण्डुसेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुसेना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दुरासदाम्hard to assail/approach
दुरासदाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरासद
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātvata (a Vṛṣṇi/Yādava hero)
P
Pāṇḍava army (Pāṇḍusenā)
B
battle/war (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how extraordinary individual valor can arrest even a powerful collective force, inviting reflection on the paradox of war: admiration for prowess arises even when the broader conflict carries heavy ethical consequences.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that an astonishing event occurred: a Sātvata hero, fighting amid enemies, single-handedly checked the advance of the formidable Pāṇḍava army.