Shloka 4
Adhyāya 21 — Duryodhanasya bāṇavarṣaḥ
Duryodhana’s Arrow-Storm and the Dust-Obscured Engagements
Devanagari script
ततः प्रववृते युद्ध कुरूणां पाण्डवैः सह । निवृत्तानां महाराज मृत्युं कृत्वा निवर्तनम्,महाराज! तदनन्तर लौटे हुए कौरवोंका पाण्डवोंके साथ मृत्युको ही युद्धसे निवृत्तिकी सीमा नियत करके घोर संग्राम होने लगा
Transliteration
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ kurūṇāṁ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha | nivṛttānāṁ mahārāja mṛtyuṁ kṛtvā nivartanam ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Then the battle between the Kurus and the Pāṇḍavas flared up again. O great king, those who had turned back did so with death itself set as the limit of withdrawal—so the fighting resumed in a grim spirit where only dying marked the end.
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
प्रववृतेbegan, set in motion
प्रववृते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत् (वर्तते)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Singular, Ātmanepada
युद्धम्battle, war
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
पाण्डवैःwith/by the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
निवृत्तानाम्of those who had turned back/returned
निवृत्तानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनि√वृत् (निवृत्त)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made, having fixed
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada/Ātmanepada-neutral
निवर्तनम्turning back, withdrawal
निवर्तनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवर्तन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
DhṛtarāṣṭraK
Kurus (Kauravas)P
PāṇḍavasVerse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes