Shloka 38
दुर्योधनस्य बलिवर्णनम् — Duryodhana’s Description of Tribute at the Rājasūya
Devanagari script
तेन दैवं परं मनन््ये पौरुषं च निरर्थकम् | धार्तराष्ट्राश्न॒ हीयन्ते पार्था वर्धन्ति नित्यश:,इसीसे मैं दैवको उत्तम मानता हूँ और पुरुषार्थको निरर्थक; क्योंकि हम धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र हानि उठा रहे हैं और ये कुन्तीके पुत्र प्रतिदिन उन्नति करते जा रहे हैं
Translation
“Therefore I deem Fate to be supreme and human effort futile; for we, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, are diminished, while the sons of Kuntī prosper day by day.”
Word by Word
तेनby that; therefore
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
दैवम्fate; divine dispensation
दैवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
Formneuter, accusative, singular
परम्supreme; higher
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formneuter, accusative, singular
मन्येI think; I consider
मन्ये:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
Formpresent indicative, ātmanepada, first, singular
पौरुषम्human effort; manly exertion
पौरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष
Formneuter, accusative, singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
निरर्थकम्fruitless; meaningless
निरर्थकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरर्थक
Formneuter, accusative, singular
धार्तराष्ट्राःthe sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Dhārtarāṣṭras
धार्तराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
हीयन्तेdecline; suffer loss; are diminished
हीयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (हियते/हीयते)
Formpresent indicative, ātmanepada, third, plural
पार्थाःthe Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī); Pāṇḍavas
पार्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
वर्धन्तिgrow; prosper; increase
वर्धन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
Formpresent indicative, parasmaipada, third, plural
नित्यशःalways; continually; day by day
नित्यशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्यशस्
Speaker
दुर्योधन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes