Shloka 3
अध्याय १: उत्पात-दर्शनम् तथा वृष्णि-विनाश-श्रवणम्
Omens Observed and the Hearing of the Vṛṣṇi Destruction
Devanagari script
प्रत्यगूहुर्महानद्यो दिशो नीहारसंवृता: । उल्काश्चाज्रारवर्षिण्य: प्रापतन् गगनाद् भुवि
Transliteration
pratyagūhur mahānadyō diśō nīhārasaṃvṛtāḥ | ulkāś cājrāravarṣiṇyaḥ prāpatan gaganād bhuvi ||
Translation
Vaiśampāyana said: Great rivers seemed to flow backward, the quarters were veiled in mist, and blazing meteors—raining down with dreadful cries—fell from the sky to the earth. These ominous reversals in nature signal a moral and cosmic disorder, foreshadowing the impending ruin brought about by the Yādavas’ own decline in restraint and dharma.
Word by Word
प्रत्यगूहुःwithdrew/retreated (back)
प्रत्यगूहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + √गूह् (गूहति)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
महानद्यःthe great rivers
महानद्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहानदी (महानदी-)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
दिशःthe directions
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश् (दिश्-)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
नीहारसंवृताःcovered with mist
नीहारसंवृताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनीहार + सम् + √वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते) → संवृत (ppp)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
उल्काःmeteors/firebrands
उल्काः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउल्का (उल्का-)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अज्रारवर्षिण्यःraining down stones/iron-bolts (ajra)
अज्रारवर्षिण्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअज्रार + वर्षिणी (वर्षिन्/वर्षिणी-)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रापतन्fell down
प्रापतन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √पत् (पतति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
गगनात्from the sky
गगनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगगन (गगन-)
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
भुविon the earth
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू (भुव्/भू- as noun ‘earth’)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaM
mahānadyāḥ (great rivers)D
diśaḥ (the quarters/directions)N
nīhāra (mist/fog)U
ulkāḥ (meteors)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes