Shloka 57
अध्याय ९ — कर्णस्य प्रहारः, योधयुग्मनियोजनम्, शैनेय-कैकेययोर्युद्धविन्यासः
Devanagari script
यस्य भीतो रणे निद्रां धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिर:
Transliteration
yasya bhīto raṇe nidrāṃ dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
Translation
Vaiśampāyana said: In battle, King Yudhiṣṭhira—the upholder of dharma—was so afraid of him that sleep itself would not come to him.
Word by Word
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भीतःafraid
भीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभी (धातु) → भीत (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निद्राम्sleep
निद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मराजःDharma-king (Yudhishthira)
धर्मराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaY
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even a ruler devoted to dharma can be shaken by fear in war; the verse highlights the human cost of conflict and how inner turmoil (loss of sleep) accompanies ethical responsibility on the battlefield.
Vaiśampāyana describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s state during the fighting: he is so intimidated by a formidable opponent (implied by the relative 'of whom') that he cannot sleep in the midst of the war.