Shloka 10

Devanagari script

अशथाक्रन्दे तुमुले वर्तमाने धार्शद्युम्ने निहते तत्र कृष्ण: । अपाज्चाल्यं क्रियते याहि पार्थ कर्ण जहीत्यब्रवीद्‌ राजसिंह

Transliteration

aśvatthākrande tumule vartamāne dhṛṣṭadyumne nihate tatra kṛṣṇaḥ | apāñcālyaṃ kriyate yāhi pārtha karṇaṃ jahīty abravīd rājasimhaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: When the tumultuous battle-cry of Aśvatthāman was raging and Dhṛṣṭadyumna had been slain, Kṛṣṇa spoke there to the lion-like king (Arjuna): “The Pāñcāla host is being overwhelmed—go forth, O Pārtha; strike down Karṇa.” In this moment of crisis, Kṛṣṇa urges decisive action to protect allies and to remove a principal source of adharma-driven devastation on the battlefield.

Word by Word

• अश्वताक्रन्दे: in the tumult called ‘Aśvatākranda’
• अश्वताक्रन्दे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्वताक्रन्द
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तुमुले: in the tumultuous (battle)
• तुमुले: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुमुल
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• वर्तमाने: while (it) was going on / occurring
• वर्तमाने: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, शानच् (present participle, Ātmanepada sense)

• धार्षद्युम्ने: when Dhṛṣṭadyumna (was...)
• धार्षद्युम्ने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्षद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• निहते: when (he) was slain
• निहते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• कृष्णः: Kṛṣṇa
• कृष्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपाज्चाल्यम्: away from the Pāñcālas / away from Pāñcāla-side
• अपाज्चाल्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपाञ्चाल्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• क्रियते: is done / is being made (to turn)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada, Passive/Impersonal (भावे/कर्मणि प्रयोग)

• याहि: go
• Type: Verb
• Root: या
• Form: Imperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पार्थ: O Pārtha (Arjuna)
• पार्थ: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कर्णम्: Karna
• कर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जहि: slay
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Imperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• अब्रवीत्: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• राजसिंहः: the lion among kings
• राजसिंहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजसिंह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Aśvatthāman
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Kṛṣṇa
• Arjuna (Pārtha)
• Karna
• Pāñcālas