Shloka 30

Adhyāya 8: Saṃprahāra-varṇana and Bhīma–Kṣemadhūrti Dvipa-Yuddha

Combat Description and Elephant Duel

Devanagari script

ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिमित्राणामिमं श्रुत्वा पराभवम्‌

Transliteration

jñātisambandhimitrāṇām imaṃ śrutvā parābhavam

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: Hearing of this defeat that had befallen their kinsmen, relations, and allies, they were shaken by the shock of loss—an episode that shows how war’s outcomes ripple through networks of loyalty and obligation, testing the bonds of kinship and friendship.

Word by Word

• ज्ञाति-सम्बन्धि-मित्राणाम्: of kinsmen, relatives, and friends
• ज्ञाति-सम्बन्धि-मित्राणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञाति + सम्बन्धिन् + मित्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• इमम्: this
• इमम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• पराभवम्: defeat, humiliation
• पराभवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराभव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana