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Shloka 63

तत्र युद्ध महच्चासीत्‌ क्रूरं विशसनं महत्‌ | तथैव पाण्डवा: शूरा धृष्टद्युम्मशिखण्डिनौ

tatra yuddha mahac cāsīt krūraṁ viśasanaṁ mahat | tathaiva pāṇḍavāḥ śūrā dhṛṣṭadyummāśikhaṇḍinau ||

Sañjaya said: There, a vast battle arose—cruel and fiercely destructive, a great slaughter. And on that very field stood the Pāṇḍava heroes as well, with Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍin.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
FormAvyaya (locative adverb)
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, nominative, singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
क्रूरम्cruel
क्रूरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)
विशसनम्slaughter, killing
विशसनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविशसन
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (appositional to युद्धम्)
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (agreeing with विशसनम्/युद्धम्)
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
FormAvyaya
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
शूराःheroic, brave
शूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, nominative, plural (agreeing with पाण्डवाः)
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
शिखण्डीShikhandin
शिखण्डी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, nominative, dual (implied for the two named persons)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
B
battlefield (Kurukṣetra implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical gravity of war: even when fought by renowned heroes, battle becomes ‘cruel’ and ‘slaughterous.’ It frames the Kurukṣetra conflict as a domain where dharma is contested, and where the cost of violence remains stark despite claims of righteous cause.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a massive, brutal engagement is underway. He notes that the Pāṇḍava side is present and formidable, specifically highlighting Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍin among their leading warriors.