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Shloka 112

तेषामापततां शूर: पञ्चालानां तरस्विनाम्‌ | आदत्तासूज्शरै: कर्ण: पतज्रानामिवानलः

teṣām āpatatāṁ śūraḥ pañcālānāṁ tarasvinām | ādatta asūñ śaraiḥ karṇaḥ pataṅgānām ivānalaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: As those mighty Pāñcāla warriors rushed in, the heroic Karṇa, with his arrows, swiftly took away their lives—like a blazing fire consuming moths that fly into it.

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
आपतताम्of (those) rushing/attacking
आपतताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootआ + पत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural, Present active participle (शतृ)
शूरःthe hero
शूरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चालानाम्of the Panchalas
पञ्चालानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तरस्विनाम्of the swift/impetuous
तरस्विनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतरस्विन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
आदत्तtook up / seized
आदत्त:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दा
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
असूञ्lives (vital breaths)
असूञ्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअसु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पतत्राणाम्of birds
पतत्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपतत्रिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अनलःfire
अनलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karna
P
Pāñcālas
A
arrows
F
fire
M
moths (pataṅga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh moral reality of war: courage alone does not protect one from destruction when confronting superior martial skill. It also reflects the kṣatriya battlefield ethic where life is staked and taken decisively, and poetic simile is used to convey the inevitability of death when one rushes into overwhelming danger.

As Pāñcāla warriors charge toward Karṇa, he counters with a deadly volley of arrows, killing them swiftly. Sañjaya describes the scene with the image of fire consuming moths that fly into it, emphasizing the speed and inevitability of their downfall.