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Shloka 11

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

समक्ष तव गोविन्द न तत्‌ क्षन्तुमिहोत्सहे | तस्मादेनं वधिष्यामि राजानं धर्मभीरुकम्‌,“जो मुझसे यह कह दे कि तुम अपना गाण्डीव धनुष दूसरेको दे दो, उसका मैं सिर काट लूँगा।' मैंने मन-ही-मन यह प्रतिज्ञा कर रखी है। अनन्त पराक्रमी गोविन्द! आपके सामने ही इन महाराजने मुझसे वह बात कही है, अतः मैं इन्हें क्षमा नहीं कर सकता; इन धर्मभीरु नरेशका वध करूँगा

samakṣa tava govinda na tat kṣantum ihotsahe | tasmād enaṃ vadhiṣyāmi rājānaṃ dharmabhīrukam ||

Sañjaya said: “O Govinda, right before you I cannot bring myself to forgive that here. Therefore I shall kill this king, timid in the name of dharma.”

समक्षम्in the presence (of)
समक्षम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमक्ष
तवof you/your
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
गोविन्दO Govinda
गोविन्द:
TypeNoun
Rootगोविन्द
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (act/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्षन्तुम्to forgive/endure
क्षन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षम्
FormInfinitive (tumun)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
उत्सहेI am able/dare
उत्सहे:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्/इदम् (enad-pronoun)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वधिष्यामिI will kill
वधिष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवध्
FormSimple Future, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मभीरुकम्afraid of dharma (timid about righteousness)
धर्मभीरुकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मभीरु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
Govinda (Kṛṣṇa)
T
the king (rājānam; contextually Yudhiṣṭhira in this episode)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow; referenced in the accompanying context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of letting a personal vow and wounded pride override forbearance (kṣamā), even in the presence of divine counsel (Govinda). It also critiques ‘dharma’ when it becomes a label for timidity or avoidance, showing how moral language can be weaponized in anger.

In the Karṇa Parva context, a heated exchange occurs about the Gāṇḍīva bow; the speaker (as framed by Sañjaya’s narration) declares that, since the offending statement was made in Kṛṣṇa’s presence, it cannot be forgiven and the ‘dharmabhīruka’ king must be slain—escalating an internal conflict within the Pāṇḍava side amid the war.