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Shloka 11

कर्णस्य सेनापत्याभिषेकः | Karṇa’s Consecration as Commander-in-Chief

अम्बष्ठस्य सुतः श्रीमान्‌ मित्रहेतो: पराक्रमन्‌ । आसाद्य लक्ष्मणं वीर दुर्योधनसुतं रणे

ambaṣṭhasya sutaḥ śrīmān mitrahetoḥ parākraman | āsādya lakṣmaṇaṃ vīra duryodhanasutaṃ raṇe ||

Sañjaya said: The illustrious son of the Ambaṣṭha (caste), fighting for the sake of his ally Mitra, advanced and confronted the heroic Lakṣmaṇa, Duryodhana’s son, in the midst of battle. The episode underscores how, in war, loyalties and alliances drive men into direct conflict, where personal valor is tested against the bonds of friendship and obligation.

अम्बष्ठस्यof (the) Ambastha
अम्बष्ठस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअम्बष्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रीमान्splendid, illustrious
श्रीमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रीमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मित्रहेतोःof (his) friend-cause / for a friend's sake
मित्रहेतोः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमित्रहेतु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पराक्रमन्he exerted himself / he advanced valiantly
पराक्रमन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपराक्रम
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आसाद्यhaving approached / having encountered
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Active
लक्ष्मणम्Lakshmana
लक्ष्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलक्ष्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वीरO hero
वीर:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुर्योधनसुतम्Duryodhana's son
दुर्योधनसुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधनसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
L
Lakṣmaṇa (son of Duryodhana)
D
Duryodhana
M
Mitra (ally/friend referenced as Mitrahetu)
A
Ambaṣṭha (caste designation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how friendship and alliance (mitra-hetu) become compelling motives in warfare, binding warriors to act—even when the action leads to deadly confrontation. It points to the ethical tension between personal bonds and the destructive arena of battle.

Sañjaya reports that an illustrious warrior, identified as the son of an Ambaṣṭha, advances with valor and directly confronts Lakṣmaṇa, Duryodhana’s son, on the battlefield—signaling the escalation into a focused duel or clash.