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Shloka 10

कर्णस्य सेनापत्याभिषेकः | Karṇa’s Consecration as Commander-in-Chief

सपत्नानां निहन्ता च महत्या सेनया वृतः

sapatnānāṁ nihantā ca mahatyā senayā vṛtaḥ

Sañjaya said: “He was a slayer of rival foes, and he stood surrounded by a vast army.” The line underscores the war-ethic of the epic: prowess is measured not only by personal valor but also by the strategic reality of being supported and enclosed by one’s forces in the unfolding conflict.

सपत्नानाम्of (his) rivals/enemies
सपत्नानाम्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसपत्न
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
निहन्ताslayer
निहन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महत्याby/with a great
महत्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सेनयाarmy
सेनया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
वृतःsurrounded/encircled
वृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृ (वरणे)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
rival foes (sapatna)
A
army (senā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Mahābhārata’s martial ethic: a warrior’s identity is framed through the defeat of adversaries and the collective power of an army, reminding readers that battlefield outcomes arise from both individual prowess and organized support.

Sañjaya describes a prominent warrior as a killer of enemies, positioned amid and protected by a large military formation—setting the scene for imminent combat and emphasizing the scale and intensity of the engagement.