Shloka 58

कर्णनिधनश्रवणम् — Hearing of Karṇa’s Fall and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament

Devanagari script

तीर्णस्तत्‌ पाण्डवो राजन्‌ यत्‌ पुरा नावबुध्यसे । उच्यमानो महाराज बन्धुभिह्ितकाडुक्षिभि:

Transliteration

tīrṇas tat pāṇḍavo rājan yat purā nāvabudhyase | ucyamāno mahārāja bandhubhir hitakāṅkṣibhiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “O King, the Pāṇḍava has now crossed beyond that very danger which you formerly failed to recognize. Even when he was being warned, O great king, by his kinsmen who sought his welfare, you did not understand.”

Word by Word

• तीर्णः: having crossed / crossed over
• तीर्णः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु) → तीर्ण (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• तत्: that (thing/that situation)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पाण्डवः: the Pandava
• पाण्डवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• यत्: which/that (which you...)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पुरा: formerly / earlier
• पुरा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• अवबुध्यसे: you understand / you realize
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्, आत्मनेपद, Second, Singular, Present

• उच्यमानः: being told / being spoken to
• उच्यमानः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) → उच्यमान (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle)

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• बन्धुभिः: by (his/your) kinsmen
• बन्धुभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• हितकाङ्क्षिभिः: by those desiring (your) welfare
• हितकाङ्क्षिभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हितकाङ्क्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• King Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• the Pāṇḍava (a son of Pāṇḍu)
• bandhu (kinsmen/relatives)