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Shloka 74

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

यत्र व्यस्ता: समस्ताश्ष निर्जिता: स्थ किरीटिना । शृगाला इव सिंहेन क्व ते वीर्यम भूत्‌ तदा,वहाँ तो किरीटधारी अर्जुनने अलग-अलग और सब लोगोंसे एक साथ लड़कर भी तुमलोगोंको उसी प्रकार परास्त कर दिया था, जैसे एक ही सिंहने बहुत-से सियारोंको मार भगाया हो। कर्ण! उस समय तुम्हारा पराक्रम कहाँ था?

yatra vyastāḥ samastāś ca nirjitāḥ sma kirīṭinā | śṛgālā iva siṁhena kva te vīryam abhūt tadā ||

There, when you were scattered and yet also gathered together, you were nonetheless defeated by the diadem-wearing Arjuna—just as many jackals are routed by a single lion. Karṇa, where was your valor then?

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
व्यस्ताःseparated, individually arranged
व्यस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समस्ताःtogether, all at once
समस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निर्जिताःdefeated, conquered
निर्जिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्थyou were
स्थ:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Lan), 2, Plural
किरीटिनाby the diadem-wearer (Arjuna)
किरीटिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीटिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शृगालाःjackals
शृगालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशृगाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सिंहेनby a lion
सिंहेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
क्वwhere?
क्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वीर्यम्valor, prowess
वीर्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्was, existed
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist (Lun), 3, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

काक उवाच

काक (Kāka)
कर्ण (Karṇa)
अर्जुन (Arjuna, Kirīṭin)
शृगाल (jackals)
सिंह (lion)

Educational Q&A

The verse challenges empty claims of heroism: true vīrya is proven by conduct and outcomes, not by later boasting. It uses a sharp simile to expose the gap between self-image and demonstrated capability.

Kāka addresses Karṇa, recalling an earlier encounter where Arjuna (Kirīṭin) defeated them even when they were both dispersed and assembled. Kāka taunts Karṇa by asking where his prowess was at that moment.