Shloka 18

धृतराष्ट्रस्य मूर्च्छा स्त्रीणां च आर्तनादः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Collapse and the Lament of the Palace Women

Devanagari script

सैनापत्यमथावाप्य कर्णो राजन्‌ महारथ: । सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चै: प्रायुध्यत रणोत्कट:

Transliteration

senāpatyam athāvāpya karṇo rājan mahārathaḥ | siṃhanādaṃ vinadyoccaiḥ prāyudhyata raṇotkaṭaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O King, having obtained the command of the army, Karṇa—the great chariot-warrior—roared aloud like a lion and, fierce in the heat of battle, set himself to fight.

Word by Word

• सैनापत्यम्: the commandership (office of commander)
• सैनापत्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैनापत्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अथ: then/now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• अवाप्य: having obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + आप्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• कर्णः: Karna
• कर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• महारथः: great chariot-warrior
• महारथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सिंहनादम्: a lion-roar
• सिंहनादम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंहनाद
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विनद्य: having roared/sounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + नद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• उच्चैः: loudly, on high
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उच्चैः

• प्रायुध्यत: fought/engaged in battle
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + युध्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

• रणोत्कटः: fierce in battle
• रणोत्कटः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रणोत्कट
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Karna
• senāpati (army command)
• siṃhanāda (lion-roar/battle-cry)
• raṇa (battlefield/war)