Previous Verse

Shloka 231

कर्णार्जुनयुद्ध-प्रवृत्तिः

Renewal of the Karṇa–Arjuna Engagement at Day’s End

मेकलोत्कलकालिड्ञा निषधास्ताम्रलिप्तका: । शरतोमरवर्षाणि विमुज्चन्तो जिघांसव:

Mekalotkalakāliṅgā niṣadhās tāmraliptakāḥ | śaratomaravarṣāṇi vimuñcanto jighāṃsavaḥ ||

Sanjaya said: The warriors from Mekala, Utkala, and Kalinga, along with the Nishadhas and the men of Tamralipta—intent on killing—kept hurling down showers of arrows and javelins.

मेकलthe Mekalas (people of Mekala)
मेकल:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमेकल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उत्कलthe Utkalas
उत्कल:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउत्कल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कालिङ्गाःthe Kalingas
कालिङ्गाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकालिङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निषधाःthe Nishadhas
निषधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिषध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ताम्रलिप्तकाःthe Tamraliptakas (people of Tamralipta)
ताम्रलिप्तकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootताम्रलिप्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शरarrows
शर:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तोमरjavelins/spears
तोमर:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतोमर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वर्षाणिshowers (as in a shower of weapons)
वर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विमुञ्चन्तःreleasing, discharging
विमुञ्चन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-मुच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जिघांसवःdesirous to kill
जिघांसवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (desiderative: जिघांस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
मेकल (Mekala)
उत्कल (Utkala)
कालिङ्ग (Kaliṅga)
निषध (Niṣadha)
ताम्रलिप्त (Tāmralipta)
शर (arrows)
तोमर (javelins/spears)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war amplifies the impulse to kill (jighāṃsā) and turns many communities into instruments of destruction; ethically, it underscores the dehumanizing momentum of battle where intent (to slay) drives action (missile-showers).

Sañjaya reports that fighters from several regions—Mekala, Utkala, Kaliṅga, Niṣadha, and Tāmralipta—are actively attacking, releasing dense volleys of arrows and javelins during the battle described in Karṇa Parva.