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Shloka 12

कर्णार्जुनयुद्ध-प्रवृत्तिः

Renewal of the Karṇa–Arjuna Engagement at Day’s End

प्रमुखे वर्तमान तु द्विपं वज्गस्य सात्यकि: । नाराचेनोग्रवेगेन भित्त्वा मर्माण्यपातयत्‌,इसी समय सात्यकिने अपने सामने उपस्थित हुए वंगराजके हाथीके मर्मस्थानोंको भयंकर वेगवाले नाराचसे विदीर्ण करके उसे धराशायी कर दिया

pramukhe vartamānaṃ tu dvipaṃ vaṅgasya sātyakiḥ | nārācenogravegena bhittvā marmāṇy apātayat ||

Sanjaya said: Then Sātyaki, facing the elephant of the king of Vaṅga in the forefront, struck it with a razor-sharp nārāca arrow of terrible speed, piercing its vital points and bringing the great beast down. The scene underscores the grim ethic of battlefield necessity, where skill and resolve are turned toward disabling even mighty war-elephants to protect one’s side and break the enemy’s advance.

प्रमुखेin front / at the forefront
प्रमुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमुख
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वर्तमानम्present / standing (there)
वर्तमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
द्विपम्elephant
द्विपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वङ्गस्यof Vanga (the king of Vanga)
वङ्गस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवङ्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सात्यकिःSātyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नाराचेनwith a nārāca (iron arrow)
नाराचेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाराच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उग्रवेगेनwith terrible speed
उग्रवेगेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्रवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भित्त्वाhaving pierced / having split
भित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
मर्माणिvital spots
मर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अपातयत्caused to fall / felled
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Yes (णिच्)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)
V
Vaṅga (kingdom/people)
V
Vaṅga king’s elephant
N
nārāca (arrow)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh kṣatriya ethic in war: decisive action and precise knowledge of vulnerable points (marmas) are used to neutralize major threats like war-elephants, prioritizing protection of one’s forces and the turning of battle momentum.

Sañjaya reports that Sātyaki confronts the Vaṅga king’s elephant at the front line and, with a fast and powerful nārāca arrow, pierces its vital points and brings it down.