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Shloka 10

कर्णार्जुनयुद्ध-प्रवृत्तिः

Renewal of the Karṇa–Arjuna Engagement at Day’s End

ते म्लेच्छै: प्रेषिता नागा नरानश्वान्‌ रथानपि । हस्तैराक्षिप्य ममृदुः पद्धिश्चाप्पतिमन्यव:,म्लेच्छोंद्वारा आगे बढ़ाये हुए वे अत्यन्त क्रोधी गजराज मनुष्यों, घोड़ों और रथोंको अपनी सूँड़ोंसे उठाकर फेंक देते और उन्हें पैरोंसे मसल डालते थे

te mlecchaiḥ preṣitā nāgā narān aśvān rathān api | hastair ākṣipya mamṛduḥ padbhiś cāpatimanyavaḥ ||

Sanjaya said: Urged on by the Mlecchas, the elephant-lords—seized by fierce wrath—would snatch up men, horses, and even chariots with their trunks, hurl them away, and then crush them underfoot. The sight revealed how, in battle’s frenzy, unbridled anger turns both living beings and war-machines into objects of violent ruin, deepening the moral darkness of the field.

तेthose (they)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
म्लेच्छैःby the Mlecchas
म्लेच्छैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootम्लेच्छ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रेषिताःsent, dispatched
प्रेषिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-इष् (प्रेषयति) / प्रेषित (PPP)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नागाःelephants
नागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नरान्men
नरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हस्तैःwith (their) hands / trunks
हस्तैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
आक्षिप्यhaving seized/dragged, having snatched up
आक्षिप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-क्षिप्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
ममृदुःthey crushed/trampled
ममृदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootमृद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
पद्भिःwith (their) feet
पद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपतिमन्यवःof unrestrained wrath (furiously angry)
अपतिमन्यवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपतिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
M
Mlecchas
E
elephants (nāgāḥ)
M
men (narāḥ)
H
horses (aśvāḥ)
C
chariots (rathāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how uncontrolled anger (krodha) in war dehumanizes and destroys indiscriminately—men, animals, and vehicles—suggesting the ethical peril of battle when restraint and dharma are eclipsed.

Mleccha forces drive forward enraged war-elephants; the elephants seize warriors, horses, and chariots with their trunks and then trample them, depicting a brutal surge in the fighting.