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Shloka 20

शैनेयचरितम्

The Exploits of Śaineya/Sātyaki amid Encirclement

तथा तु यतमानस्य द्रोणस्य युधि भारत । धृष्टद्युम्न॑ समासाद्य त्रिधा सैन्यमभिद्यत,भारत! युद्धमें इस प्रकार विजयके लिये प्रयत्नशील हुए द्रोणाचार्यकी सेना धृष्टद्युम्नके पास पहुँचकर तीन भागोंमें बँट गयी

tathā tu yatamānasya droṇasya yudhi bhārata | dhṛṣṭadyumnam samāsādya tridhā sainyam abhidyat ||

Sañjaya said: As Droṇācārya strove on the battlefield for victory, O Bhārata, his army, on reaching Dhṛṣṭadyumna, split into three divisions and surged forward.

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यतमानस्यof (one) striving/endeavouring
यतमानस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootयतमान
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्रोणस्यof Droṇa
द्रोणस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नम्Dhṛṣṭadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समासाद्यhaving approached/reached
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund)
त्रिधाinto three parts, threefold
त्रिधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिधा
सैन्यम्the army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभिद्यत्split, broke up
अभिद्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√द्युत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how intense striving for victory in war expresses itself through strategy and organization (division of forces), while implicitly reminding the listener that even skilled leadership operates within the ethically fraught setting of a fratricidal conflict.

Sanjaya reports that Droṇa, pressing hard in battle, brings his forces up to Dhṛṣṭadyumna; upon contact, the army breaks into three divisions—suggesting a coordinated tactical maneuver to engage or surround the opponent.