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Shloka 19

शैनेयचरितम्

The Exploits of Śaineya/Sātyaki amid Encirclement

यं यमार्च्छच्छरैद्रोण: पाण्डवानां रथव्रजम्‌ । ततस्तत: शरैद्रोणमपाकर्षत पार्षत:,द्रोणाचार्य बाणोंद्वारा पाण्डवोंकी जिस-जिस रथसेनापर आक्रमण करते थे, धृष्टद्युम्न तत्काल बाणोंकी वर्षा करके उस-उस ओरसे उन्हें लौटा देते थे

yaṁ yam ārcchac charair droṇaḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ rathavrajam | tatas tataḥ śarair droṇam apākarṣat pārṣataḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Whichever division of the Pāṇḍavas’ chariot-host Droṇa struck with his arrows, from that very quarter Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the son of Pṛṣata, at once drove Droṇa back, showering him with arrows in return.

यम्which (whom/that)
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यम्which (whom/that)
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आर्च्छत्attacked/reached
आर्च्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootऋच्छ् (गम्/प्राप्-अर्थे)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रथव्रजम्the mass/host of chariots
रथव्रजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथव्रज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
ततःfrom that side/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपाकर्षत्drove back/repelled
अपाकर्षत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप + कृṣ् (कर्षणे)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्षतःDhrishtadyumna (son of Prishata)
पार्षतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत (धृष्टद्युम्न-नाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata)
A
arrows (śara)
C
chariot-host (rathavraja)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights vigilant guardianship and disciplined response in righteous warfare: when a powerful aggressor presses an advantage, a responsible defender must counter promptly to protect one’s side. It reflects kṣatriya-dharma as steadiness, readiness, and strategic restraint rather than panic.

Droṇa repeatedly attacks different sections of the Pāṇḍava chariot formations with arrows. Dhṛṣṭadyumna immediately answers each thrust by showering arrows back and forcing Droṇa to withdraw from that direction, preventing Droṇa from breaking the Pāṇḍava lines.