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Shloka 80

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection

कथं च वो रथस्थानां शरवर्षाणि मुज्चताम्‌ । नीतो>भिमन्युर्निधनं कदर्थीकृत्य व: परैः,“आपलोग रथपर बैठे हुए बाणोंकी वर्षा कर रहे थे तो भी शत्रुओंने आपकी अवहेलना करके कैसे अभिमन्युको मार डाला?

kathaṃ ca vo rathasthānāṃ śaravarṣāṇi muñcatām | nīto 'bhimanyur nidhanaṃ kadarthīkṛtya vaḥ paraiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “Even as you stood firm upon your chariots, showering volleys of arrows, how did the enemy nonetheless disregard you and, after humiliating Abhimanyu, lead him to his death?”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वःof you / your
वः:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
रथस्थानाम्of (those) stationed on chariots
रथस्थानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथस्थान
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
शरवर्षाणिshowers of arrows
शरवर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
मुञ्चताम्of (you) releasing / discharging
मुञ्चताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Participle (Shatru) in genitive plural
नीतःwas led / was brought
नीतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
अभिमन्युःAbhimanyu
अभिमन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निधनम्to destruction / death
निधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कदर्थीकृत्यhaving insulted / having humiliated
कदर्थीकृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootकदर्थी√कृ
Formktvā (absolutive/gerund)
वःyou
वः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Plural
परैःby the others / by the enemies
परैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Abhimanyu
R
ratha (chariot)
Ś
śara (arrows)
P
parāḥ (the enemies/foes)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical shock of a warrior’s death brought about through disregard and humiliation despite supposed protection—raising questions of dharma in warfare, responsibility of allies, and the condemnation of tactics that violate fair combat.

Sañjaya describes (and implicitly questions) how Abhimanyu was taken to his death even though his side’s chariot-warriors were releasing heavy arrow volleys—suggesting that the enemy managed to isolate and overpower him, treating him with contempt and ignoring the defenders.