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Shloka 4

ततो वेगेन महता विनद्य स नरर्षभ: । प्रतिज्ञां आ्रावयामास पुनरेव तवात्मजम्‌,नरश्रेष्ठ अश्वत्थामाने फिर बड़े वेगसे गर्जना करके आपके पुत्रको पुनः अपनी प्रतिज्ञा सुनायी

tato vegeṇa mahatā vinadya sa nararṣabhaḥ | pratijñāṃ śrāvayāmāsa punar eva tavātmajam ||

Sañjaya said: Then, roaring aloud with great speed and force, that bull among men made your son hear his vow once again.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
वेगेनwith speed/impetus
वेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महतāgreat, mighty
महतā:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विनद्यhaving roared/cried aloud
विनद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरर्षभःbull among men, best of men
नरर्षभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनरर्षभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिज्ञाम्vow, promise
प्रतिज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
श्रावयामासcaused to be heard, proclaimed
श्रावयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (कारणि: श्रावय-)
FormPerfect (लिट्) (periphrastic usage), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
एवindeed, just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तवyour
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
आत्मजम्son
आत्मजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra (implied by 'your')
D
Dhritarashtra's son (Duryodhana implied by context)

Educational Q&A

A warrior’s public vow (pratijñā) functions as a binding moral commitment: it strengthens resolve and accountability, yet it can also intensify conflict when pride and vengeance drive the pledge.

Amid the battle, a leading warrior roars and forcefully reiterates his vow to Dhritarashtra’s son, reaffirming intent and rallying determination in a tense moment of the war.