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Shloka 36

Somadatta’s Kṣātra-Dharma Accusation; Night Combat, Māyā, and the Fall of Ghaṭotkaca

Droṇa-parva, Adhyāya 131

समन्ताच्छड्खनिनदं पाण्डुसेनाकरोत्‌ तदा । शत्रुसेनाध्वनिं श्रुत्वा तावका हानदन्‌ भूशम,उस समय पाण्डव-सेना सब ओर शंखनाद करने लगी। शत्रुसेनाकी शंखध्वनि सुनकर आपके सैनिक भी जोर-जोरसे गर्जना करने लगे

samantāc chaṅkhaninādaṃ pāṇḍu-senākarot tadā | śatru-senā-dhvaniṃ śrutvā tāvakā hānadann bhūśam ||

Sañjaya said: Then the Pāṇḍava army raised a conch-blast on every side. Hearing the resounding call of the enemy host, your warriors too roared back with great force—answering sound with sound as the battle-spirit surged and the lines braced for combat.

समन्तात्on all sides, from every direction
समन्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
FormAvyaya (directional/locative sense)
शङ्खनिनदम्conch-blast sound
शङ्खनिनदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख-निनद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डुसेनाthe Pandava army
पाण्डुसेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डु-सेना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अकरोत्made, produced
अकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAorist (luṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
FormAvyaya (temporal)
शत्रुसेनाध्वनिम्the enemy-army’s sound (conch-roar)
शत्रुसेनाध्वनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु-सेना-ध्वनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable; ‘having heard’
तावकाःyour men, your soldiers
तावकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नादन्roared, shouted
नादन्:
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
FormImperfect (laṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
भृशम्loudly, vehemently
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
FormAvyaya (manner/intensity)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍava army
K
Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)
C
conch (śaṅkha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective resolve is communicated through disciplined signals (conch-blasts and war-cries). Ethically, it shows the kṣatriya battlefield code: courage and readiness are publicly affirmed, and fear is countered by unity and response.

As the armies face each other, the Pāṇḍavas sound conches from all directions. The Kaurava troops, hearing the enemy’s martial din, answer with loud roars—an exchange that marks the escalation into active combat and the rallying of both sides.