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Shloka 30

युधिष्ठिरस्य कृष्णार्जुनादि-समाश्वासनम्

Yudhiṣṭhira’s reassurance and praise of Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna, Bhīma, and Sātyaki

द्रोणो5पि रथिनां श्रेष्ठ; पज्चालान्‌ पाण्डवांस्तथा । अभ्यद्रवत संक्रुद्धो जवमास्थाय मध्यमम्‌,इधर रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ द्रोणाचार्य भी क्रोधमें भरकर मध्यम वेगका आश्रय ले पांचालों और पाण्डवोंपर टूट पड़े

Droṇo 'pi rathināṃ śreṣṭhaḥ pāñcālān pāṇḍavāṃs tathā | abhyadravat saṃkruddho javam āsthāya madhyamam ||

Sañjaya said: Droṇa too—foremost among chariot-warriors—rushed upon the Pāñcālas and the Pāṇḍavas. Inflamed with anger, he advanced at a measured, middle pace, pressing the attack with controlled force.

द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
रथिनाम्of the chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठःthe best/excellent
श्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाञ्चालान्the Panchalas
पाञ्चालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाand likewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अभ्यद्रवत्ran towards/charged at
अभ्यद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular
संक्रुद्धःenraged
संक्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जवम्speed/velocity
जवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving assumed/taken (resort to)
आस्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
मध्यमम्middle/moderate
मध्यमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
P
Pāñcālas
P
Pāṇḍavas
R
ratha (chariot, implied by rathin)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of warfare: even a revered teacher like Droṇa, bound by martial duty and command, can be driven by anger, yet still acts with deliberate control (madhyama-java). It suggests that in dharmic conflict, inner states like krodha shape action, and restraint remains a meaningful virtue even amid violence.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa, famed as the foremost chariot-warrior, becomes enraged and charges the Pāñcālas and the Pāṇḍavas, advancing with a medium, measured speed as he launches his assault.