Shloka 31

प्रविश्य च रणे द्रोण: पाण्डवानां वरूथिनीम्‌ । द्रावयामास योधान्‌ वै शतशोडथ सहस्रश:,टद्रोणाचार्य रणक्षेत्रमें पाण्डवोंकी विशाल सेनामें प्रवेश करके उनके सैकड़ों और हजारों सैनिकोंको भगाने लगे

sañjaya uvāca | praviśya ca raṇe droṇaḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ varūthinīm | drāvayāmāsa yodhān vai śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Entering the battlefield and penetrating the Pandavas’ battle-array, Droṇa began to drive their warriors into flight—by the hundreds and even by the thousands.

प्रविश्यhaving entered
प्रविश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरूथिनीम्army/host (battle-array)
वरूथिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवरूथिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
द्रावयामासcaused to flee / drove away
द्रावयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु/द्रावय् (धातु) [causative of द्रु]
Formलिट् (periphrastic perfect), Third, Singular, परस्मैपद, कर्तरि
योधान्warriors/soldiers
योधान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोध (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
शतशःby hundreds / in hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formadverbial -शस्
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सहस्रशःby thousands / in thousands
सहस्रशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formadverbial -शस्

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
P
Pandavas
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how extraordinary skill and authority in warfare can rapidly overwhelm many, raising an implicit ethical tension: prowess (śaurya/śikṣā) is powerful, but in war it manifests as mass suffering and fear. It invites reflection on the responsibility that accompanies mastery, especially when dharma and personal loyalties collide.

Sanjaya reports that Droṇa breaks into the Pandavas’ formation and begins routing their fighters in large numbers—hundreds and thousands—signaling a surge of Kaurava momentum under Droṇa’s command.