Shloka 30

Bhūriśravas–Sātyaki Saṃvāda and Duel; Arjuna’s Intervention (भूरिश्रवाः–सात्यकि संवादः, युद्धम्, अर्जुन-हस्तक्षेपः)

Devanagari script

तस्मिन्‌ हते गजानीके जलसंधो महाबल:

Transliteration

tasmin hate gajānīke jalasandho mahābalaḥ

Translation

Sañjaya said: When that elephant-corps had been slain, the mighty Jalasaṃdha—seeing his force broken—was stirred to respond amid the turmoil of battle.

Word by Word

• तस्मिन्: in that (situation/person)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• हते: when (it/he) was slain
• हते: Adhikarana
• Type: Participle
• Root: हन्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• गजानीके: in the elephant-corps/elephant-division
• गजानीके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गजानीक
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• जलसंधः: Jalasandha (proper name)
• जलसंधः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जलसंध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाबलः: very strong/mighty
• महाबलः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाबल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• gajānīka (elephant-division)
• Jalasaṃdha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a recurring battlefield ethic in the Mahābhārata: the fall of a military unit (here, an elephant-division) triggers a response from powerful warriors, underscoring the kṣatriya expectation to meet adversity with resolve and action rather than collapse.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that an elephant-division has been destroyed; in the wake of that loss, the strong warrior Jalasaṃdha becomes the focal figure, poised to react within the ongoing combat sequence.