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Shloka 13

भीष्मरक्षण-उद्योगः, शिखण्डि-विवर्जनं, सर्वतोभद्र-व्यूहः

Protection of Bhīṣma, Exemption of Śikhaṇḍin, and the Sarvatobhadra Array

दुर्योधनो5पि सम्प्रेक्ष्य पतितं वरवारणम्‌ । प्रभग्नं च बल॑ दृष्टवा जगाम परमां व्यथाम्‌,उस श्रेष्ठ गजराजको गिरा हुआ देख सारी कौरवसेना भाग खड़ी हुई। यह सब देखकर दुर्योधनके मनमें बड़ी व्यथा हुई

sañjaya uvāca | duryodhano 'pi samprekṣya patitaṁ varavāraṇam | prabhagnaṁ ca balaṁ dṛṣṭvā jagāma paramāṁ vyathām |

Sanjaya said: Even Duryodhana, seeing that excellent elephant fallen and beholding his forces shattered, was seized by intense anguish.

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सम्प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen/observed
सम्प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-ईक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
पतितम्fallen
पतितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वर-वारणम्the excellent elephant
वर-वारणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवरवारण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रभग्नम्broken/shattered (in condition)
प्रभग्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभग्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
जगामwent/entered (into a state)
जगाम:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formलिट् (Perfect), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
परमाम्supreme/great
परमाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
व्यथाम्distress/anguish
व्यथाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यथा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
V
vara-vāraṇa (excellent elephant)
B
bala (army/forces)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of morale and the ethical warning that reliance on sheer might and prideful confidence can collapse suddenly; when a key support falls, the leader’s inner weakness—fear and anguish—surfaces, showing how adharma-driven ambition lacks steadiness under crisis.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana sees a foremost elephant lying fallen and notices his forces broken and scattered; witnessing this reversal on the battlefield, Duryodhana is overwhelmed by severe distress.