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Shloka 13

Karma-Yoga, Yajña-Cakra, and the Governance of Desire (कर्मयोग–यज्ञचक्र–कामनिग्रह)

ततः शड्खाश्न भेर्यश्व॒ पणवानकगोमुखा: । सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलो5भवत्‌,इसके पश्चात्‌ शंख और नगारे तथा ढोल, मृदंग और नरसिंघे आदि बाजे एक साथ ही बज उठे। उनका वह शब्द बड़ा भयंकर हुआ

tataḥ śaṅkhāś ca bheryaś ca paṇavānaka-gomukhāḥ | sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdas tumulo 'bhavat ||

Sañjaya said: Then conches and kettledrums, along with tabors, great drums, and the gomukha horns, were sounded all at once. That combined roar became tumultuous and fearsome—an audible sign that the armies had fully entered the mood of war.

ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
शङ्खाःconches
शङ्खाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
भेर्यःkettledrums
भेर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभेरी
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
पणवाःdrums (paṇava)
पणवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपणव
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
आनकाःwar-drums (ānaka)
आनकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआनक
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
गोमुखाःgomukha-horns (cow-faced horns)
गोमुखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोमुख
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
सहसाsuddenly/at once
सहसा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
Formअव्यय
एवindeed/just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formअव्यय
अभ्यहन्यन्तwere struck/beat (were sounded)
अभ्यहन्यन्त:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन् (धातु: हन्)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत); प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद/कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)
सःthat
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सः)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
शब्दःsound/noise
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
तुमुलःtumultuous/terrible
तुमुलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु: भू)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
śaṅkha (conch)
B
bherī (kettledrum)
P
paṇava (drum)
Ā
ānaka (drum)
G
gomukha (horn)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective action and shared intent manifest outwardly: the unified sounding of instruments signals a decisive shift into warfare. Ethically, it frames the battlefield as a space where inner resolve—whether righteous or misguided—quickly becomes public and consequential.

Sañjaya describes the moment when multiple war instruments—conches, drums, and horns—are sounded simultaneously, producing a terrifying, tumultuous din. This intensifies the atmosphere and marks the armies’ readiness and escalation toward battle.