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Shloka 22

Adhyāya 111 (Book 6): Daśama-dina-saṃgrāma—Bhīṣma’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira and the Śikhaṇḍin-Led Advance

ततस्तु तावकं सैन्यं वध्यमानं समन्ततः । सुसम्प्राप्तं दश दिश: काल्यमानं महारथै:,उन महारथी वीरोंद्वारा सब ओरसे मारी और खदेड़ी जाती हुई आपकी सेना सब दिशाओंमें भाग खड़ी हुई

tatastu tāvakaṃ sainyaṃ vadhyamānaṃ samantataḥ | susamprāptaṃ daśa diśaḥ kālyamānaṃ mahārathaiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Then your army, being slain on every side, was thrown into utter confusion; pressed hard by the great chariot-warriors, it scattered and fled toward the ten directions.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formindeclinable particle
तावकम्your (belonging to you)
तावकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वध्यमानम्being slain
वध्यमानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्यमान (√वध्)
Formneuter, accusative, singular; present passive participle
समन्ततःon all sides
समन्ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः
Formindeclinable adverb
सुसम्प्राप्तम्having reached/come to
सुसम्प्राप्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुसम्प्राप्त (√प्राप्)
Formneuter, accusative, singular; past passive participle
दशten
दश:
TypeAdjective
Rootदशन्
Formindeclinable numeral (used adjectivally)
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
काल्यमानम्being driven/impelled (being chased)
काल्यमानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकाल्यमान (√कल्/√काल्)
Formneuter, accusative, singular; present passive participle
महारथैःby great chariot-warriors
महारथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kaurava army (tāvakaṃ sainyam)
M
Mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)
T
Ten directions (daśa diśaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of power when it is not anchored in steadiness and right conduct: once fear spreads and discipline collapses, even a large force disintegrates. It implicitly points to the ethical and psychological dimensions of warfare—victory is not only physical strength but also cohesion, leadership, and moral resolve.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava army is being cut down from all sides and, under the pressure of elite warriors (mahārathas), breaks formation and flees in all directions.