Shloka 2

Yayāti’s Request for Youth: Sons’ Refusals and Pūru’s Acceptance (ययातेः यौवन-विनिमयः)

Devanagari script

यः समुत्पतितं क्रोधं निगृह्लाति हयं यथा । स यन्तेत्युच्यते सद्धिर्न यो रश्मिषु लम्बते,शुक्राचार्यने कहा--बेटी! मेरी विद्या द्वन्द्धरहित है। मेरा ऐश्वर्य ही उसका फल है। मुझमें दीनता, शठता, कुटिलता और अधर्मपूर्ण बर्ताव नहीं है। देवयानी! जो मनुष्य सदा दूसरोंके कठोर वचन (दूसरोंद्वारा की हुई अपनी निन्दा)-को सह लेता है, उसने इस सम्पूर्ण जगतपर विजय प्राप्त कर ली, ऐसा समझो। जो उभरे हुए क्रोधको घोड़ेके समान वशमें कर लेता है, वही सत्पुरुषोंद्वारा सच्चा सारथि कहा गया है। किंतु जो केवल बागडोर या लगाम पकड़कर लटकता रहता है, वह नहीं

Transliteration

yaḥ samutpatitaṁ krodhaṁ nigṛhṇāti hayaṁ yathā | sa yantety ucyate sadbhir na yo raśmiṣu lambate ||

Translation

Śukra said: “He who restrains anger when it suddenly surges up—just as one brings a horse under control—is called a true charioteer by the virtuous. But one who merely hangs on to the reins is not (a real driver).”

Word by Word

यःwho (he who)

समुत्पतितम्arisen, sprung up

क्रोधम्anger

निगृह्णातिrestrains, controls

हयम्a horse

यथाas, like

सःhe

यन्ताcontroller; charioteer

इतिthus

उच्यतेis called

सद्भिःby the good (people)

नnot

यःwho

रश्मिषुon the reins

लम्बतेhangs (on), dangles

Speaker

शुक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

Śukra

anger (krodha)

horse (haya)

reins (raśmi)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True mastery is inner restraint: the virtuous call a person a real ‘charioteer’ when he can check anger at the moment it rises, not when he merely maintains an outward show of control.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śukra is instructing (in a moral, advisory tone) using a chariot metaphor: anger is like a powerful horse; the wise person governs it, whereas the unskilled person only clings to the reins without real command.