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Shloka 20

The Universal Form (Virāṭ-Puruṣa): The Lord’s Entry into the Elements, the Devas, and the Origin of Varṇāśrama

गुदं पुंसो विनिर्भिन्नं मित्रो लोकेश आविशत् । पायुनांशेन येनासौ विसर्गं प्रतिपद्यते ॥ २० ॥

gudaṁ puṁso vinirbhinnaṁ mitro lokeśa āviśat pāyunāṁśena yenāsau visargaṁ pratipadyate

When the evacuating channel manifested separately, Mitra, the lord who presides over the world, entered it in his own station. By a portion of the power of evacuation, living beings can pass stool and urine.

गुदम्anus/rectum
गुदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगुद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
पुंसःof the person/of the male
पुंसः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपुंस्/पुम्स् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
विनिर्भिन्नम्split/opened
विनिर्भिन्नम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविनिर्भिन्न (कृदन्त; √भिद् धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त)
मित्रःMitra (deity)
मित्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
लोकेशःlord of the worlds
लोकेशः:
Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to मित्रः)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक + ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘लोकस्य ईशः’
आविशत्entered
आविशत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √विश् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
पायुनाby the anus (organ of excretion)
पायुना:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपायु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
अंशेनby a portion
अंशेन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअंश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
येनby which
येन:
Karaṇa (करण) (relative)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक
असौhe
असौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
विसर्गम्evacuation/excretion
विसर्गम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
प्रतिपद्यतेattains/experiences
प्रतिपद्यते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + √पद् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
M
Mitra
V
Virāṭ-Puruṣa

FAQs

This verse explains that bodily functions are governed by presiding deities; specifically, Mitra enters the anus of the universal form, enabling the function of evacuation in embodied beings.

He is describing the Virāṭ-Puruṣa to show how the cosmos and embodied life are organized under divine governance, helping the listener see the body and universe as dependent on the Supreme.

It encourages humility and gratitude: even basic bodily processes are not fully under our control, so one should live responsibly, with reverence for the divine order and detachment from bodily pride.