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Shloka 14

Vidura’s Questions on Devotion and Sarga; Maitreya Begins the Account of Creation

ताञ्छोच्यशोच्यानविदोऽनुशोचे हरे: कथायां विमुखानघेन । क्षिणोति देवोऽनिमिषस्तु येषा- मायुर्वृथावादगतिस्मृतीनाम् ॥ १४ ॥

tāñ chocya-śocyān avido ’nuśoce hareḥ kathāyāṁ vimukhān aghena kṣiṇoti devo ’nimiṣas tu yeṣām āyur vṛthā-vāda-gati-smṛtīnām

O sage, those who, by sinful deeds, turn away from hari-kathā and thus miss the purpose of the Mahābhārata are truly pitiable; I too lament for them, seeing how unblinking Time wastes their lifespan while they drown in disputation, imagined goals, and manifold rituals.

तान्those
तान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
शोच्य-अशोच्यान्(both) lamentable and not-lamentable
शोच्य-अशोच्यान्:
कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशोच्य (कृदन्त; √शुच् (धातु) + यत्, ‘to be lamented’) + अशोच्य (नञ्-पूर्वक)
Formद्वन्द्व (इतर-इतर); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् ‘तान्’
अविदः(I) the ignorant one
अविदः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअविद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अविद्’ = अज्ञानिन्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘अविद्’ = ignorant person
अनुशोचेlament
अनुशोचे:
क्रिया (Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Root√शुच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect) / लुङ्-आत्मनेपद-छाया?; उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थः ‘अनुशोचामि’
हरेःof Hari
हरेः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
कथायाम्in the discourse
कथायाम्:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
TypeNoun
Rootकथा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
विमुखान्turned away (from it)
विमुखान्:
कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootविमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘तान्’ इति विशेषणम्
अघेनby sin
अघेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअघ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; करण
क्षिणोतिdestroys/wastes away
क्षिणोति:
क्रिया (Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Root√क्षि (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
देवःthe Lord
देवः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अनिमिषःthe unwinking (ever-watchful)
अनिमिषः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिमिष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘देवः’ इति विशेषणम्
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध-बोधक (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधान/विरोधार्थक (but/indeed)
येषाम्of whom
येषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय (relative)
आयुःlife-span
आयुः:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र कर्मरूपेण (object)
वृथा-वादा-गति-स्मृतीनाम्of futile talk, pursuits, and memories
वृथा-वादा-गति-स्मृतीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootवृथा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिकवत्) + वाद (प्रातिपदिक) + गति (प्रातिपदिक) + स्मृति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व/श्रृङ्खला-समास; षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘वृथा’ इति पूर्वपदेन विशेषितम्

According to the modes of material nature, there are three kinds of relationships between human beings and the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Those who are in the modes of ignorance and passion are averse to the existence of God, or else they formally accept the existence of God in the capacity of an order supplier. Above them are those who are in the mode of goodness. This second class of men believe the Supreme Brahman to be impersonal. They accept the cult of bhakti, in which hearing of kṛṣṇa-kathā is the first item, as a means and not the end. Above them are those who are pure devotees. They are situated in the transcendental stage above the mode of material goodness. Such persons are decidedly convinced that the name, form, fame, qualities, etc., of the Personality of Godhead are nondifferent from one another on the absolute plane. For them, hearing of the topics of Kṛṣṇa is equal to meeting with Him face to face. According to this class of men, who are situated in pure devotional service to the Lord, the highest goal of human life is puruṣārtha, devotional service to the Lord, the real mission of life. The impersonalists, because they engage in mental speculation and have no faith in the Personality of Godhead, have no business hearing the topics of Kṛṣṇa. Such persons are pitiable for the first-class pure devotees of the Lord. The pitiable impersonalists pity those who are influenced by the modes of ignorance and passion, but the pure devotees of the Lord take pity on them both because both waste their most valuable time in the human form of life in false pursuits, namely sense enjoyment and mental speculative presentations of different theories and goals of life.

H
Hari (Lord Vishnu)
T
Time (as the Lord, Animisha)

FAQs

This verse says that the Lord as unblinking Time steadily consumes the lifespan of those who turn away from Hari-kathā, as they spend life in futile talk, worldly chasing, and forgetfulness.

Because their aversion is rooted in sin and ignorance, and as a result their precious human life is lost without hearing and remembering the Lord—so their remaining time is being silently taken away.

Reduce purposeless conversation and distraction, and intentionally make daily space for hearing, reading, and discussing Krishna/Hari-kathā so time is invested in remembrance rather than forgetfulness.