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Shloka 48

Secondary Creation Begins: Brahmā’s Productions, the Guṇas, and the Emergence of Orders of Beings

येऽहीयन्तामुत: केशा अहयस्तेऽङ्ग जज्ञिरे । सर्पा: प्रसर्पत: क्रूरा नागा भोगोरुकन्धरा: ॥ ४८ ॥

ye ’hīyantāmutaḥ keśā ahayas te ’ṅga jajñire sarpāḥ prasarpataḥ krūrā nāgā bhogoru-kandharāḥ

O dear Vidura, the hairs that fell from that body became snakes; and as the body crawled with its hands and feet drawn in, there arose from it fierce serpents and Nāgas with expanded hoods.

येwho/which (those)
ये:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धि-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
अहीयन्ताम्were to be shed / let fall off
अहीयन्ताम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहि (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), आत्मनेपद, तृतीयपुरुष, बहुवचन; उपसर्ग: आ-; धातु: हि—‘to abandon/leave’ → ‘let (them) be abandoned/fall off’
उतःalso; moreover
उतः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अर्थे: ‘also/and then’
केशाःhairs
केशाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
अहयःserpents
अहयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअहि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; वैकल्पिक रूप (अहयः = अहयः/अहयः)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; संकेत-सर्वनाम (demonstrative)
अङ्गO (dear); indeed
अङ्ग:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअङ्ग (अव्यय)
Formसम्बोधन-निपात (vocative particle), अर्थे: ‘O dear/indeed’
जज्ञिरेwere born / came into being
जज्ञिरे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, तृतीयपुरुष, बहुवचन; धातु: जन्—‘to be born’
सर्पाःsnakes
सर्पाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
प्रसर्पतःcrawling about
प्रसर्पतः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-सृप् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; उपसर्ग: प्र-; अर्थे: ‘crawling forth’
क्रूराःcruel, fierce
क्रूराः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
नागाःnāgas (serpent beings)
नागाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
भोग-उरु-कन्धराःwith broad necks and hoods
भोग-उरु-कन्धराः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभोग (प्रातिपदिक) + उरु (प्रातिपदिक) + कन्धर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (भोगः उरुः यस्य कन्धरः) ‘having necks with large hoods’
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
M
Mahārāja Parīkṣit
L
Lord Brahmā

FAQs

In Canto 3, Chapter 20, this verse describes that serpents and nāgas manifested during Brahmā’s secondary creation, with nāgas characterized as great hooded serpents with powerful necks.

Śukadeva explains the stages of creation (sarga/visarga) to establish the Lord’s supreme control over the cosmos and to situate all beings within the Bhagavatam’s devotional worldview for Parīkṣit’s final hearing.

It encourages humility and God-consciousness: seeing all species as part of a divinely ordered creation helps reduce pride, cultivate reverence for life, and deepen devotion to the Supreme Lord beyond material classifications.