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Shloka 29

Devotion in Kimpuruṣa-varṣa and the Glory of Bhārata-varṣa

Rāmacandra & Nara-Nārāyaṇa; Rivers, Varṇāśrama, and Liberation

श्रीशुक उवाच जम्बूद्वीपस्य च राजन्नुपद्वीपानष्टौ हैक उपदिशन्ति सगरात्मजैरश्‍वान्वेषण इमां महीं परितो निखनद्भ‍िरुपकल्पितान् ॥ २९ ॥ तद्यथा स्वर्णप्रस्थश्चन्द्रशुक्ल आवर्तनो रमणको मन्दरहरिण: पाञ्चजन्य: सिंहलो लङ्केति ॥ ३० ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca jambūdvīpasya ca rājann upadvīpān aṣṭau haika upadiśanti sagarātmajair aśvānveṣaṇa imāṁ mahīṁ parito nikhanadbhir upakalpitān; tad yathā svarṇaprasthaś candraśukla āvartano ramaṇako mandarahariṇaḥ pāñcajanyaḥ siṁhalo laṅketi.

Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: O King, some learned authorities describe eight smaller islands encircling Jambūdvīpa. When the sons of Mahārāja Sagara searched everywhere for the lost horse, they dug up the earth on all sides, and thus these eight adjoining islands came into being. Their names are Svarṇaprastha, Candraśukla, Āvartana, Ramaṇaka, Mandara-hariṇa, Pāñcajanya, Siṁhala, and Laṅkā.

śrī-śukaḥŚrī Śuka
śrī-śukaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (singular); karmadhāraya: śrī + śuka
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (singular), Parasmaipada
jambūdvīpasyaof Jambūdvīpa
jambūdvīpasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootjambūdvīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (genitive, 6th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: jambū + dvīpa
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction/particle)
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Sambodhana (vocative), Ekavacana
upadvīpānsub-islands
upadvīpān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootupadvīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (accusative, 2nd), Bahuvacana (plural); tatpuruṣa: upa + dvīpa
aṣṭaueight
aṣṭau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSaṅkhyā-vācaka (numeral), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā (nominative) Bahuvacana; used adjectivally with upadvīpān (sense: eight)
haindeed
ha:
Prayojaka (प्रयोग/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootha (अव्यय)
FormSmaraṇa/udghoṣa-nipāta (emphatic particle)
ekesome (people/sages)
eke:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Bahuvacana (plural)
upadiśantiteach/describe
upadiśanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdiś (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana, Parasmaipada; upa + diś
sagarātmajaiḥby the sons of Sagara
sagarātmajaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument or agent in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Rootsagara-ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (instrumental, 3rd), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: sagara + ātmaja
aśvānveṣaṇein the search for the horse
aśvānveṣaṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location-context)
TypeNoun
Rootaśva-anveṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka (neuter), Saptamī vibhakti (locative, 7th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: aśva + anveṣaṇa
imāmthis
imām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (feminine), Dvitīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally
mahīmearth/land
mahīm:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana
paritaḥaround
paritaḥ:
Deśa-sambandha (देशसम्बन्ध/Spatial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparitaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (adverb/preposition-like), meaning ‘around’
nikhanadbhiḥby (them) digging
nikhanadbhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrumental agent)
TypeVerb
Rootni-khan (धातु)
FormVartamāna-kṛdanta (present active participle), Parasmaipada, Puṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti, Bahuvacana; ‘by (those) digging’
upakalpitānprepared/formed
upakalpitān:
Karma (कर्म/Object complement)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-kḷp (धातु)
FormKta-pratyaya (past passive participle), Puṁliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti, Bahuvacana; agrees with upadvīpān
tatthat (namely)
tat:
Prastāvanā (प्रस्तावना/Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya-prayoga (particle) in expression ‘tad yathā’
yathāas follows
yathā:
Prastāvanā (प्रस्तावना)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (quotative/illustrative), ‘as follows’
svarṇaprasthaḥSvarṇaprastha
svarṇaprasthaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarṇa-prastha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; proper name; tatpuruṣa: svarṇa + prastha
candraśuklaḥCandraśukla
candraśuklaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootcandra-śukla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper name; karmadhāraya: candra + śukla
āvartanaḥĀvartana
āvartanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootāvartana (प्रातिपदik)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper name
ramaṇakaḥRamaṇaka
ramaṇakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootramaṇaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper name
mandarahariṇaḥMandarahariṇa
mandarahariṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootmandara-hariṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper name; tatpuruṣa: mandara + hariṇa
pāñcajanyaḥPāñcajanya
pāñcajanyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootpāñcajanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper name
siṁhalaḥSiṁhala
siṁhalaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootsiṁhala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper name
laṅkāLaṅkā
laṅkā:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed item)
TypeNoun
Rootlaṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper name
itithus
iti:
Vākyānta-sūcaka (वाक्यान्तसूचक/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (quotative particle)

In the Kūrma Purāṇa there is this statement about the desires of the demigods:

K
King Parīkṣit
S
Sagara
S
Sons of Sagara

FAQs

This verse states that authorities describe eight upadvīpas of Jambūdvīpa, said to have been formed by the digging of Sagara’s sons during their search for the sacrificial horse.

Śukadeva is narrating the cosmological and geographical structure described in the Bhāgavatam; he links the eight sub-islands of Jambūdvīpa to a well-known Purāṇic event involving Sagara’s sons.

Even descriptive sections of the Bhāgavatam connect the world’s features to dharmic history, reminding a reader to see creation through sacred narrative and to study scripture with patience and reverence.